面向任务的训练对老年人的平衡,步态和摔倒的影响:随机对照试验的系统审查和元分析
Wenping Zhang1, Wenjing Zhang2, Guoxiu Zu3
1School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
Aging clinical and experimental research
|January 21, 2026
概括
与传统方法相比,以任务为导向的训练 (TOT) 显著改善了老年人的平衡和步态. 虽然它增强了平衡信心,但它对预防跌倒的影响需要更多的研究.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 康复科学 康复科学 康复科学
- 临床生物力学 临床生物力学
背景情况:
- 面向任务的培训 (TOT) 是一种重点关注功能性,目标导向活动的康复策略.
- 年长的成年人面临着平衡,步态和防摔的挑战,影响独立性和生活质量.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较TOT与传统训练在改善60岁及以上成年人平衡,步态和防摔方面的有效性.
- 评估TOT是否导致关键功能指标的临床上有意义的改善.
主要方法:
- 进行了随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统审查和元分析,搜索主要数据库.
- 使用PEDro尺度和Cochrane偏差风险工具来评估方法质量.
- 进行了统计分析,以确定TOT对各种结果指标的综合影响,包括最小临床重要差异 (MCID).
主要成果:
- 与传统训练相比,TOT在Berg平衡量表 (BBS),定时和走 (TUG) 测试和步行速度 (GS) 中表现出了卓越的改善.
- 在75岁及以上的个体中,平衡和步行速度的显著改善达到了MCID值.
- 虽然TOT显示出降低跌倒恐惧的潜在影响,但对于跌倒发生率和功能步行评估的证据是不确定的.
结论:
- 面向任务的培训 (TOT) 比传统培训更有效地提高老年人的平衡,步态和平衡信心.
- 随着TOT的使用,观察到平衡和步行速度的临床上有意义的改善.
- 需要进一步的研究来验证TOT对减少跌倒恐惧和跌倒发生率的影响.
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