[在2岁之前的饮食模式与学龄前儿童的饮食质量之间的关联]
M Tong1, G Z Jing1, Tuersunniyazi Maiheliyakezi1
1Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
|January 21, 2026
概括
早期养模式显著影响学龄前儿童的饮食质量. 延迟母乳养,混合养和未达到最低饮食多样性 (MDD) 与较差的饮食质量有关,而家长监测可以改善它.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 早期的营养习惯对于长期的健康结果至关重要.
- 了解婴儿养和学龄前饮食质量之间的纵向关联对于开发有效的营养干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查2岁前的养模式与学龄前儿童的饮食质量之间的联系.
- 为有针对性的饮食指导和营养干预提供证据.
主要方法:
- 一项使用上海母婴对队列数据的纵向研究.
- 通过调查问卷评估的饮食摄入量和养模式.
- 使用饮食平衡指数评估饮食质量 (较高的分数表明质量较差),包括高边界分数 (HBS),低边界分数 (LBS) 和饮食质量距离 (DQD).
- 采用了多个线性回归分析.
主要成果:
- 延迟母乳养 (>出生后1小时) 与较高的DQD得分有关.
- 与纯母乳养相比,4个月的混合养与LBS和DQD得分的升高有关.
- 在12个月没有达到最低饮食多样性 (MDD),与较高的LBS和DQD得分相关.
- 增加的饮食压力与更差的饮食质量有关 (更高的LBS和DQD),而增加的家长监测与更好的饮食质量有关.
- 影响在男孩和来自家庭有共同经济地位的儿童中更为明显.
结论:
- 2岁之前的婴儿养模式显著影响学龄前儿童的饮食质量.
- 干预措施应侧重于促进及时母乳养,纯母乳养,满足MDD和积极的养环境.
- 父母对饮食行为的监控是饮食质量的保护因素.
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