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目标大小,自我效能和压力作为准确度的决定因素在射击任务中的精度
Fabio Ibrahim1, Kevin Wittig1, Philipp Yorck Herzberg1
1Department of Personality Psychology and Psychological Assessment, Helmut-Schmidt-University, Hamburg, Germany.
Frontiers in psychology
|January 22, 2026
概括
较小的目标显著提高了执法和军事人员的射击精度. 射击自我效能还通过减少主观压力来提高表现,为训练提供了关键的见解.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 身体生理学 身体生理学
- 人类因素工程 人类因素工程
背景情况:
- 射击技巧对于执法部门和军队至关重要,但影响精度的目标大小等因素尚未得到充分研究.
- 了解这些因素对于优化高压力情况下的训练和表现至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究目标大小对射击精度的影响.
- 检查射击自我效能,主观压力和生理压力在射击表现中的作用.
主要方法:
- 140名学生军官在模拟器上完成了实弹作战任务,攻击了小型和大型目标.
- 测量包括情绪压力,自我效能,射击经验和心率变化 (RMSSD).
- 精度由中距离和射击组半径的平均距离来评估.
主要成果:
- 较小的目标显著提高了射击精度 (d=0.36),而不考虑主观压力.
- 自效率积极预测性能 (r=0.39) 和负相关的压力和压力变化.
- 主观压力部分介导了自我有效性和精度 (17.7%) 之间的关系.
结论:
- 较小的目标区域可能会在射击期间改善感知运动对齐.
- 心理因素,如自我效能,通过减轻压力,直接和间接地提高了射击技巧.
- 这些发现突出了可修改的因素,以系统地改进射击技能培训计划.
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