艾滋病毒感染妇女的癌症负担和风险因素:来自D:A:D和RESPOND队列合作的多区域研究
Win Min Han1, Bastian Neesgaard2, Michael Knappik3
1Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
EClinicalMedicine
|January 22, 2026
概括
感染艾滋病毒的妇女,特别是45岁以上的妇女,吸烟者或有免疫抑制病史的妇女,患癌症的风险更高. 对于这些高危人群,建议加强查和预防策略.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 关于艾滋病毒感染妇女癌症发病率和风险因素的数据有限.
- 这项研究调查了这一群体的癌症负担和相关风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 确定所有癌症,HPV相关癌症和艾滋病毒感染妇女常见的单个癌症 (乳腺,肺,NHL) 的发病率.
- 确定与艾滋病毒感染妇女癌症发展相关的风险因素.
- 评估主要风险因素的人口归因分数 (PAF).
主要方法:
- 包括来自两个大型多中心观察队列合作 (D:A:D和RESPOND) 的超过17,500名18岁以上的女性.
- 从基线 (2006年或2012年) 到2021年的癌症发病率的随访.
- 多变量波桑回归和PAF分析以评估风险因素,包括年龄,地理区域,吸烟和与艾滋病毒相关的因素 (CD4计数,先前的艾滋病诊断,艾滋病毒病毒).
主要成果:
- 在141,404人年中,832名妇女被诊断出患有癌症 (发病率5.9/1000 PYS).
- 与HPV相关的癌症 (1.1/1000 PYS),乳腺癌 (1.1/1000 PYS),肺癌 (0.7/1000 PYS) 和NHL (0.5/1000 PYS) 的发病率较高.
- 与癌症风险增加相关的危险因素包括年龄较大 (≥45岁),南欧,吸烟,较低的CD4计数和先前的艾滋病诊断. 吸烟和与艾滋病毒相关的因素对癌症风险作出了重大贡献.
结论:
- 45岁以上的艾滋病毒感染女性,过去或现在免疫抑制的妇女和目前的吸烟者被确定为高风险群体.
- 这些群体可能会从加强癌症查和预防策略中受益.
- 了解可修改的风险因素,如吸烟和管理与艾滋病毒相关的因素,对于减少癌症负担至关重要.
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