不同运动干预措施对腰部疼痛的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Xingchi Liu1, Wenbo Gao2, Peirun Wu2
1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of the First Hospital of Lanzhou university, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Frontiers in physiology
|January 22, 2026
概括
像 Pilates,和步行这样的运动干预措施显著减少腰部疼痛 (LBP) 并改善功能. 太极拳和核心训练也提供疼痛缓解,而伸展和骑自行车缺乏确的证据.
科学领域:
- 物理疗法物理治疗
- 康复医学 康复医学 康复医学
- 疼痛管理 疼痛管理
背景情况:
- 腰部疼痛 (LBP) 是全球残疾的主要原因之一.
- 有效的干预措施对于管理LBP和改善患者生活质量至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估各种运动干预措施在缓解LBP患者疼痛和增强功能方面的有效性.
- 为临床实践提供基于证据的建议,关于LBP的运动.
主要方法:
- 在九个电子数据库中对随机对照试验 (RCT) 进行了系统审查.
- 包括的研究集中在运动干预LBP,包括皮拉提,,核心训练,太极拳,步行,拉伸,骑自行车和深水跑.
- 分析了35项涉及2132名参与者的RCT的数据.
主要成果:
- 与常规护理相比,运动干预显著减少疼痛 (SMD = -0.81).
- 太极拳 (SMD = -0.95),步行 (MD = -1.05),和 Pilates (MD = -1.14) 显示出最重要的缓解疼痛的效果.
- Pilates,步行和在功能性残疾方面显著改善,Pilates在不同的评估工具 (奥斯威斯特残疾指数和罗兰-莫里斯残疾问卷) 中显示出一致的好处.
结论:
- 皮拉提,和步行有效地减少疼痛并改善非特异性LBP的功能.
- 太极拳和核心稳定训练也提供了显著的止痛效益.
- 关于拉伸和骑自行车对LBP有效性的证据仍然没有确定性.
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