神经发育障碍的频谱:伴随性疾病作为病变发生的线索
Catherine M McHugh1,2, James R John1,2,3, Weng Tong Wu1
1Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney.
Current opinion in psychiatry
|January 22, 2026
概括
神经发育障碍的并发症表明大脑的循环机制是共享的. 针对这些电路提供了跨诊断治疗效益,改善了自闭症和多动症等疾病的结果.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 神经发育障碍 (NDD) 的高并发症率表明共同的潜在原因.
- 传统的诊断类别可能无法完全捕捉到NDD的复杂性.
研究的目的:
- 综合最近的神经成像证据 (2024-2025) 关于NDD并发症.
- 检查共患病模式如何透露跨诊断界限的电路级融合.
主要方法:
- 对专注于大脑连接的神经成像研究的审查.
- 分析跨诊断维度 (认知刚性,感官处理,重复行为,社会情绪调节).
- 检查时间网络变化和早期发育电路功能障碍.
主要成果:
- 四个核心的跨诊断维度显示了自闭症谱系障碍,多动症,强迫症,图雷特综合征和焦虑障碍的电路融合.
- 时间网络不灵活,而不仅仅是静态解剖学,预测症状严重程度.
- 早期的电路功能障碍 (例如,18个月后的感官处理) 可以导致发育级联.
- 针对特定电路的干预可以带来跨诊断的改善.
结论:
- 共患病模式突出显示了共享的发病因子,支持NDD的维度而不是分类模型.
- 了解电路功能障碍的时间,可以澄清病因路径.
- 基于电路的评估和干预可能比传统方法更有效.
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