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Anthony Barnosky¹, Elizabeth Hadly²

¹Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences

|January 22, 2026

概括

人类时代的生物圈因人类活动而大大不同于Holocene时代,导致生物多样性的减少和地球系统的改变. 这种不可逆转的转变甚至会给剩余的自然区域带来风险.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
生态生态学生态生态学
地球系统科学地球系统科学

背景情况:

目前的生物圈被称为人类世,自20世纪中叶以来,与全新世时期有显著的分歧.
人类活动导致了由人类和养动物主导的生物圈,减少了野生物种,并改变了生态系统.
全球生物多样性减少,陆地和海洋环境均性增加.

研究的目的:

概述人类纪生物圈的关键特征和影响.
为了对比人类纪生物圈与其全新纪前身.
讨论人类引起的变化对地球系统和生物多样性的影响.

主要方法:

全新世和人类世生物圈特征的比较分析.
关于人类影响的科学和哲学研究的审查.
评估生态系统转型和生物多样性趋势.

主要成果:

人类世生物圈的特点是人类的统治,生态系统转变为人类使用,生物多样性减少.
地球的基本系统 (气候,生物地球化学循环) 已经被人类的行为所改变.
甚至保护区也受到持续的人类压力的威胁,这表明了不可逆转的轨迹.

结论:

人类世代表了一个明显而不可逆转的脱离全新世生物圈.
人类的压力继续推动重大变化,影响全球生物多样性和生态系统功能.
缓解策略存在,但面临着日益增长的人口压力.

关键词:

人类世 (Anthropocene) 是一个人类世.生物多样性生物多样性灭绝的灭绝是一种灭绝.

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