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巴西A型塞内卡病毒的遗传多样性和进化动态
Leonardo Clasen Ribeiro1,2, Salman Latif Butt2, Ruchi Rani2
1Departamento de Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Virologia e Imunologia (LabVir), Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPEL), Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
The Journal of general virology
|January 22, 2026
概括
巴西的塞内卡病毒A (SVA) 显示出与全球菌株不同的遗传进化. 这项研究揭示了独特的突变和重组事件,突出显示了该国内部的独立病毒进化.
科学领域:
- 兽医病毒学 兽医病毒学
- 分子流行病学分子流行病学
- 皮科纳病毒研究研究
背景情况:
- 自2014年以来,塞内卡病毒A (SVA),一种皮科纳病毒,与巴西猪群中囊泡性疾病爆发有关.
- 关于巴西SVA的遗传多样性和进化动态的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查巴西Senecavirus A的遗传多样性,进化和流行病学.
- 分析来自巴西猪的SVA基因组,以了解它们与全球菌株的关系.
主要方法:
- 在巴西8个州的57个市镇中 (2018-2022) 从带有囊泡病变的猪中分离SVA.
- 使用桑格和牛津纳米孔技术对501个SVA分离物的全基因组测序.
- 进行了家族遗传学,对对序列比较和重组分析.
主要成果:
- 巴西SVA序列形成了一个独特的单体,与国际菌株分开,表明一个共同的巴西祖先.
- 在巴西 (中西部和南部地区) 发现了两个主要的遗传集群,这表明了独立的进化.
- 在巴西SVA中发现了七种独特的高频突变,包括与ANTRX1相互作用的体蛋白和表面暴露的残留物中的突变.
- 在巴西SVA菌株中检测到至少五个重组事件的证据.
结论:
- 巴西的SVA菌株表现出独特的进化轨迹,与全球同行不同.
- 这些发现表明,巴西境内SVA正在进行独立演变,可能受到宿主受体相互作用和免疫压力的影响.
- 这项研究为巴西和全球的SVA分子流行病学和进化动态提供了关键的见解.
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