发育障碍的发展轨迹:为早期干预提供早期诊断
Veronica Sperandini1, Federica Alice Maria Montanaro1, Fabio Quarin1
1Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165, Rome, Italy.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|January 22, 2026
概括
早期识别面临智力障碍 (ID) 风险的儿童至关重要. 从幼儿园开始对认知,适应和情感行为发展的长度监测可以揭示及时干预的早期标志物.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿童精神病学 儿童精神病学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 智力障碍 (ID) 诊断往往会推迟到学龄,尽管有潜在的早期学龄前指标.
- 早期识别发育风险是复杂的,但对于及时支持至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查从学龄前到学龄的认知,适应和情感-行为功能上的纵向变化.
- 确定预测后期智力障碍 (ID) 的早期标志物.
主要方法:
- 88名儿童在学龄前 (T0) 和学龄 (T1) 时被评估.
- 在T0的组包括全球发育迟缓 (GDD),混合特异性发育障碍 (MSDD) 和语言障碍 (LD).
- 在T1的分类是智力障碍 (ID),语言障碍 (LD) 和其他诊断 (OD),使用临床观察和家长报告.
主要成果:
- 在T0时,所有组都有适应功能受损;GDD显示了更多的认知延迟.
- 在T1时,只有ID组有持续的认知和适应性缺陷.
- 在T1时,ID组表现出增加的情绪-行为问题 (内化/外化),与LD和OD组不同.
结论:
- 从学龄前监测发展轨迹对于检测ID风险标志物至关重要.
- 早期识别有助于针对性干预,改善儿童和家庭的长期结果.
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