在初级保健实践中对不健康的酒精使用进行查和咨询
Daniel E Jonas1, Sean R Riley1, Leslie Brouwer1
1Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus.
JAMA network open
|January 22, 2026
概括
实践便利化显著增加了对初级保健中不健康的酒精使用的查和咨询. 这项质量改善计划旨在减少与酒精有关的危害.
科学领域:
- 实施科学 实施科学
- 主要护理医学 医疗保健
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 不健康的酒精使用是死亡和疾病的主要可预防的原因.
- 初级保健实践很少对患者的酒精使用进行查或与患者讨论.
研究的目的:
- 评估实践便利化在增加采用基于证据的查和不健康饮酒简短咨询方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一个为期12个月的实施策略,包括质量改进指导,EHR支持和临床医师培训,应用于21个初级保健实践.
- 该研究追踪了查率和在阳性查后接受简短咨询的患者的百分比.
主要成果:
- 在54,294名成年患者中,不健康饮酒的平均查率从17.4%增加到57.6%.
- 在阳性查后获得简短咨询的患者的百分比从0%上升到32.3%.
- 结果在六个月后得到维持,尽管在实践中存在差异.
结论:
- 实践便利化是增加在初级保健中采用不健康酒精使用查和咨询的有效策略.
- 这种方法有望减少不健康饮酒对公共健康造成的重大负担.
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