在冠状动脉病理生理学和缺血性心脏病的性别和性别差异
Olivia Manfrini1,2, Dimitris Tousoulis3, Charalambos Antoniades4
1Laboratory of Epidemiological and Clinical Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
European heart journal
|January 22, 2026
概括
缺血性心脏病对男性和女性的影响不同. 了解这些性别和性别差异对于改善所有患者的诊断,治疗和治疗结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 医学中的性别和性别.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 缺血性心脏病 (IHD) 呈现出明显的性别和基于性别的差异.
- 现有的医学知识和治疗方法往往以男性为中心,导致对女性的护理存在潜在的差异.
- 对这些差异的全面理解对于改善IHD结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 提供关于IHD的性别和性别差异的当前知识的最新审查,从风险因素到预后.
- 突出传统和额外的风险因素,荷尔蒙影响,怀孕和自身免疫疾病对性别特异性风险概况的影响.
- 确定未来的研究领域和改善临床实践,以实现公平的IHD护理.
主要方法:
- 系统审查和综合现有关于IHD的性别和性别差异的科学文献.
- 分析病理生理机制,诊断工具偏差和治疗反应.
- 检查临床试验数据,指出女性代表性不足.
主要成果:
- 女性面临独特的风险因素 (荷尔蒙变化,妊娠并发症,自身免疫性疾病) 和病理生理差异 (例如,微血管疾病,内皮功能障碍).
- 诊断工具和治疗方法经常表现出以男性为中心的偏见,导致女性的诊断不足和不理想的护理.
- 女性可能会对治疗有不同的反应和副作用,这可能会导致预后更差,特别是在急性冠状动脉综合征中.
结论:
- 在IHD中存在显著的性别和性别差异,影响风险,诊断,治疗和预后.
- 对于性别特定的研究来解决知识差距和改进指导方针建议是非常必要的.
- 推进临床实践需要通过承认和解决这些差异,专注于公平的护理.
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