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幼儿园入睡时间和睡眠时间,执行功能和学业成绩之间的长期关联

Adrienne D Woods¹, Qingqing Yang², Paul L Morgan²

¹Education Division, SRI, Menlo Park, California, USA.

|January 22, 2026

概括

早上睡觉和幼儿园的睡眠时间通过影响执行功能来预测儿童中期更好的学业成绩. 然而,需要更广泛的系统干预措施来解决成就差距.

科学领域:

儿童发展儿童发展
睡眠科学睡眠科学
教育心理学教育心理学

背景情况:

儿童早期的睡眠模式,包括睡觉时间和持续时间,对发育至关重要.
社会经济地位 (SES),种族/族裔和残疾可以影响发展轨迹.
了解早期睡眠和后期结果之间的相互作用对于有针对性的干预至关重要.

研究的目的:

调查幼儿园的睡觉时间和睡眠时间是否预测儿童中期的执行功能 (EF),行为和学业成绩.
检查这些协会是如何根据SES,种族/种族和残疾而有所不同.
探索睡眠时间和EF在早期睡眠和晚期结果之间的关系中扮演的调解角色.

主要方法:

利用了早期儿童长度研究,幼儿园队列 (N=6945) 的数据.
采用结构方程建模 (SEM) 来分析纵向关系.
研究了睡眠时间,EF,行为,SES,残疾和种族/种族的调节和调节效应.

主要成果:

幼儿园的睡觉时间预测了睡眠时间,这反过来又通过冷执行功能 (例如工作记忆) 预测了更高的学业成绩.
这些间接影响存在于不同的SES和种族/族群中,但在共变量调整后减少了.
虽然寒冷的EF是成就的主要预测因素,但睡眠时间仍然是一个显著的,尽管较小的贡献者.

结论:

与SES和种族/种族相关的成就差异可能源于早睡之外的系统因素.
促进早睡前的日常活动是有益的,但本身就不够.
更广泛的系统干预是必要的,以有效地缩小成就差距.

关键词:

学术成绩学术成绩睡前的日常生活.执行职能执行职能执行职能睡眠时间睡眠时间社会经济差异社会经济差异结构方程建模结构方程建模

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