不响应的表型的独立起源是由亚洲和非洲大米的化过程中Phr1变异引起的非响应的表型
Thet Htar San1, Kokoro Iguchi1, Daichi Ujiie1
1Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
概括
非洲大米 (Oryza glaberrima) 由于非功能Phr1基因突变而表现出色变异,可能是在化期间受到青. 这一发现有助于理解非洲大米的起源和育种.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 植物生物学 植物生物学
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 醇色反应区分亚洲大米亚种 (Oryza sativa) 基于功能性Phr1基因.
- 印加大米呈现出黑色的体,而日本大米由于非功能性Phr1突变而不受影响.
- 这种特征在非洲大米 (Oryza glaberrima) 中的变化是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 研究非洲大米 (Oryza glaberrima) 和其野生祖先 (Oryza barthii) 的色反应特征.
- 确定非洲大米中色反应的遗传基础.
- 确定非洲大米中这种特征的进化起源和化选择.
主要方法:
- 在Oryza glaberrima和Oryza barthii线上进行醇颜色测定.
- 对Phr1基因的突变分析,包括测序和单种型分析.
- 非洲和亚洲大米之间的核酸多样性比较.
主要成果:
- 在Oryza glaberrima和Oryza barthii中发现了阴性和阳性两种线.
- 发现Phr1基因的前列1中的1-bp删除导致了非功能性表型.
- 哈普洛型分析表明,这种突变起源于马里的O. barthii,并由O. glaberrima.继承.
- 在O. glaberrima中,非功能性Phr1等位基因占主导地位,这表明在化过程中进行了选择.
- 在Phr1位点的低核酸多样性支持选择事件.
- 在O. glaberrima中,功能性Phr1等位基因仍然存在,从而保持了遗传多样性.
- 在非洲和亚洲大米中证实了醇敏感表型的独立起源.
结论:
- 非洲大米中的色反应特征是由非功能性Phr1基因突变控制的.
- 这种突变可能起源于Oryza barthii,并在Oryza glaberrima化过程中被选择.
- 这些发现提供了对非洲大米化和大米育种分子标记的洞察力.
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