在无药抑郁症中益生菌干预的有效性:系统性审查和元分析
Liu Haiyan1, Wang Dan1, Wan Xiaochao1
1The 82nd Army Group Hospital of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Baoding, Hebei, China.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|January 23, 2026
概括
益生菌单疗可能对未服用药物的轻度至中度抑郁症的成年人提供适度的益处,显示出统计学上显著但症状的小幅减少. 由于潜在的偏见和异质性,需要进一步研究.
科学领域:
- 精神病学和心理健康 精神病学和心理健康
- 微生物学和肠道健康
- 临床试验分析
背景情况:
- 抑郁症是一种普遍存在的心理健康状况,对未服用药物的个人来说,治疗选择有限.
- 肠道微生物对心理健康的影响是一个新兴的研究领域.
- 益生菌,即提供健康益处的活微生物,正在被探索为抑郁症的新治疗途径.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析随机对照试验 (RCT),评估在未经药物治疗的抑郁症成年人中进行益生菌单一治疗.
- 评估益生菌作为抑郁症状独立治疗的独立疗效和安全性.
- 专注于近似单疗条件的研究,以了解益生菌的直接影响.
主要方法:
- 一个系统的审查和元分析,遵循PRISMA 2020指南.
- 搜索了四个主要的数据库,以查找未经药物治疗的个人对抗抑郁症的益生菌单一治疗的RCT.
- 综合了六个RCT (341名参与者) 的数据,使用随机效应模型计算标准化平均差异 (SMD).
主要成果:
- 益生菌单一治疗表明,抑郁症状的减少很小,但在统计学上显著 (SMD = -0.38,p = 0.0002).
- 亚组分析表明,对轻度至中度抑郁症有潜在的益处.
- 除了行业融资或辅助治疗之外的敏感性分析产生了非显著的结果;报告的轻微不良事件没有显著的群体差异.
结论:
- 益生菌单一疗法可能会在没有药物治疗的轻度至中度抑郁症患者中提供适度改善抑郁症状,并且似乎是安全的.
- 由于效应大小小,潜在的行业偏见和研究异质性,研究结果应谨慎解释.
- 较大的,独立资助的RCT对于确认疗效和阐明作用机制至关重要.
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