乳腺癌中的谷氨酸甲基增生受体4:用于化学抗原受体治疗的潜在和特定标
Yien Xu1,2, Ayidana Hayierhan3,4, Zexiao Chen1,4
1The Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
Frontiers in oncology
|January 23, 2026
概括
谷氨酸甲基增生受体4 (GRM4) 是乳腺癌免疫治疗的新目标. 它表现出瘤特异性表达和受限制的正常组织分布,具有克服化学抗原受体 (CAR) 治疗中毒性问题的潜力.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 化学抗原受体 (CAR) 疗法在血液恶性瘤中表现有前途,但由于缺乏经过验证的瘤特异性抗原,在固体瘤中面临挑战.
- 识别限制正常组织表达的抗原至关重要,以最大限度地减少点上,瘤外的毒性.
研究的目的:
- 确定和验证谷氨酸甲基增生受体4 (GRM4) 作为一种新的,瘤特异性膜抗原用于乳腺癌 (BC) 免疫疗法.
- 评估临床乳腺癌样本中的GRM4表达模式,并评估其作为CAR治疗点的潜力.
主要方法:
- 综合多数据库分析 (DESeq2,edgeR,limma,CellMarker,人类蛋白质图谱) 以优先考虑GRM4.
- 在BC细胞系 (Western blot,qPCR,免疫光) 和158BC临床样本 (免疫组织化学) 中进行表达验证.
- 分析亚细胞局部,瘤比例得分,亚型分布,临床相关性和生存结果.
主要成果:
- GRM4被验证为一种在35.44%的BC病例中表达的膜抗原,并且存在于BC细胞系中.
- 在所有亚型的BC患者中,在80.38%的BC患者中观察到瘤特异性膜/细胞质表达.
- 在正常的乳腺/准癌组织中,GRM4表达不存在,而在非恶性器官中,GRM4表达仅限于大脑,与晚期和年龄相关,但与生存无关.
结论:
- GRM4是乳腺癌的新型CAR关联标,表现出瘤特异性的过度表达和限制正常组织表达.
- 它的泛亚型适用性和减轻点外瘤效应的潜力使其成为BC免疫疗法的有希望的候选人.
- 对GRM4向CAR疗法的进一步研究对于乳腺癌治疗是有必要的.
相关概念视频
01:28Diversity of Antigen Receptors
1.4K
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
1.4K
01:31Internal Receptors
74.3K
Many cellular signals are hydrophilic and therefore cannot pass through the plasma membrane. However, small or hydrophobic signaling molecules can cross the hydrophobic core of the plasma membrane and bind to internal, or intracellular, receptors that reside within the cell. Many mammalian steroid hormones use this mechanism of cell signaling, as does nitric oxide (NO) gas.
74.3K
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
8.7K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
8.7K
01:39Receptor-mediated Endocytosis
110.7K
Overview
110.7K
01:00Enzyme-linked Receptors
86.3K
Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
86.3K
01:21G-protein Coupled Receptors
131.7K
G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.
131.7K