机械生物学和神经肌肉反应在前后坐练习期间足部位置变化
Ömer Bozkurt1, Deniz Erdağ1, Cevdet Tinazci1
1Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Frontiers in physiology
|January 23, 2026
概括
在坐期间改变脚位显著影响肌肉激活和力分布. 脚跟抬高的坐会增强四头肌的激活和脚的背部屈曲,而前脚抬高的坐会将负荷转移到后链上.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 在抵抗训练中,式变化很常见.
- 脚的位置可以影响运动生物力学.
- 了解这些影响对于优化性能和安全至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究坐练习期间不同脚位对机械生物学和神经肌肉的影响.
- 为了比较平脚跟 (FH),高脚跟 (HE) 和前脚升高 (FE) 的技术.
- 分析肌肉激活,关节动力学,地面反应力和姿势稳定性.
主要方法:
- 十二名抵抗训练的男性运动员在他们的一次重复最大 (1RM) 的70%进行了坐.
- 表面电肌图 (EMG) 测量了下肢肌肉激活.
- 运动捕捉和力平台分析了关节角度,地面反应力和压力中心 (COP).
主要成果:
- 与FE相比,四头肌激活 (横向巨,中部巨,大腿直肠) 在FH和HE中显著更高.
- 他增加了脚的背部屈曲和的深度.
- FE降低了垂直地面反应力,并将负载转移到后链.
- 在COP位移 (COPx,COPy) 中没有发现显著差异.
结论:
- 脚的位置变化显著改变机械负载分布和神经肌肉激活在.
- 技术选择应根据移动性,关节机制和培训目标进行个性化.
- 优化坐技巧可以提高训练成果,降低受伤风险.
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