身体活动类型,种类和死亡率:来自两个前性队列研究的结果
Han Han1, Jinbo Hu1,2, Dong Hoon Lee1,3
1Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
BMJ medicine
|January 23, 2026
概括
参与各种体育活动并保持多样化的运动习惯可以显著降低死亡风险. 这项研究强调,各种运动,不仅仅是总体活动,有助于延长寿命.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 预防医学 预防医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 长期参与体育活动对健康至关重要.
- 了解特定活动和活动种类对死亡率的影响对于公共卫生指南至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查长期参与个人体育活动和体育活动多样性与所有原因和特定原因死亡率之间的关联.
- 为了确定身体活动的多样性是否提供超出总活动水平的独立死亡率益处.
主要方法:
- 利用来自护士健康研究和卫生专业人员随访研究的前性队列数据.
- 包括超过11万名最初没有主要慢性疾病的参与者,几十年来每两年评估一次体力活动.
- 通过使用多变量调整模型,分析了特定活动,体育活动多样性和死亡结果之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 大多数个体体育活动,包括步行,慢跑,跑步,骑自行车,网球/滑板球,爬楼梯,划船/健身,以及举重训练,都与全因死亡率的降低有关.
- 较高的体力活动多样性显示出与所有原因的死亡率有显著的反向关联,独立于总活动量.
- 与那些体力活动最多种类的参与者相比,与那些体力活动最少种类的参与者相比,所有原因的死亡率减少了19%.
结论:
- 持续从事各种体育活动与较低的死亡风险有关.
- 身体活动的多样性提供了独立的生存益处,这表明多方面的炼方法是最优的.
- 这些发现支持促进多样化的体育活动参与,以潜在地延长寿命.
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