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饮食行为特征和糖尿病前期男性饮食改变的成功 - T2D-GENE干预
Noora Koivu1, Maria Lankinen1, Ursula Schwab1,2
1University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
概括
饮食行为特征并不能预测糖尿病前期的老年男性的整体饮食成功. 然而,在为预防2型糖尿病的3年生活方式干预期间,特定的特征影响了个体的食物选择.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 行为科学是一种行为科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 持续的饮食变化对于预防2型糖尿病至关重要,但坚持是具有挑战性的,尤其对芬兰男性来说.
- 饮食行为特征 (认知克制,不受控制的饮食,情绪饮食) 可能会影响饮食成功,但它们在长期坚持饮食中的作用尚未得到充分研究,特别是在男性中.
- 患有糖尿病前期的老年男性代表了需要个性化饮食干预措施的人群.
研究的目的:
- 调查基线饮食行为特征是否预测饮食目标的实现和3年生活方式干预期间食物摄入量的变化.
- 探索前糖尿病老年男性的饮食行为特征和特定食物摄入量修改之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 一个为期3年的生活方式干预,目标是增加蔬菜,水果,纤维和不和脂肪的摄入量,减少和脂肪和糖糖.
- 使用4天食物记录进行饮食评估.
- 在370名患有糖尿病前期的老年男性 (50-75岁) 中,使用三因素饮食问卷-R18评估饮食行为.
主要成果:
- 参与者改善了饮食质量,特别是纤维和脂肪质量.
- 饮食行为特征并不能预测整体饮食目标的实现.
- 特定的特征与食物选择有关:对全谷物的认知克制,对减少脂肪糕点摄入的不受控制的饮食,以及增加坚果/种子摄入和减少含糖饮料消费的情绪性饮食.
结论:
- 饮食行为特征可能不会决定整体坚持,但可以塑造糖尿病前期的老年男性的特定饮食模式.
- 这些发现突出了基于个体饮食行为特征的量身定制行为策略的潜力,以实现个性化预防.
- 这项研究为2型糖尿病预防的关键人口群体的饮食变化的行为预测因素提供了新的见解.
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