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狗模型中的纵向长读微生物组分析揭示了年龄,饮食和出生模式如何塑造肠道社区动态
Md Asaduzzaman1,2, Péter Oláh2,3, Natheer Jameel Yaseen1,2
1MTA-SZTE Lendület GeMiNI Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
mSystems
|January 23, 2026
概括
狗的肠道微生物组随着年龄的增长而成熟,受饮食和分娩方法的影响. 这项研究揭示了与年龄相关的转变和特定细菌种群的变化,为肠道健康提供了与人类发展相似的见解.
科学领域:
- 微生物组研究的研究.
- 翻译医学是一种翻译医学.
- 动物模型动物模型
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物群的与年龄相关的变化受到饮食和孕产妇因素的影响.
- 由于肠道微生物群的相似性,遗传同质性和可行的纵向采样,狗为人类微生物组研究提供了一个翻译模型.
- 了解整个生命周期内的微生物变化对于疾病预防和健康管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在使用长读16S rRNA测序的犬类模型中描述物种级肠道微生物组的发展.
- 为了研究年龄,饮食,孕产妇因素和分娩方式对肠道微生物组合的影响.
- 建立可复制的,根据年龄结构的狗微生物成熟的轨迹.
主要方法:
- 从60只从出生到81周的小狗取长度便样本 (456个样本),包括母体和成年人对照.
- 详细记录饮食元数据和生殖状态.
- 在物种层面,长期研究的16S rRNA测序和生物信息分析 (α/β多样性,混合效应模型,共发生网络).
主要成果:
- 年龄是肠道微生物群多样性的主要驱动因素,在断奶和稳定6个月期间迅速增加.
- 观察到从早期发育到成年期的组成过渡,随着时间的推移生态复杂性越来越高.
- 剖腹产显著影响了生命早期的微生物组合,与阴道分娩相比,增加了乳酸菌的丰度.
- 怀孕和哺乳期间母亲微生物组的变化表明,这对垂直微生物转移有影响.
- 特定的种类表现出与年龄,饮食和 kennel 环境的强烈关联.
结论:
- 养狗具有可再生的,年龄结构化的肠道微生物成熟轨迹,反映了人类的发展.
- 交付方式和饮食是塑造早期狗肠道微生物组的重要因素.
- 这项研究提供了高分辨率的数据集,并验证了长期读取的16S rRNA测序,以在翻译模型中进行详细的微生物组分析.
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