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对心血管疾病预防多种心脏代谢风险因素的假设干预:一个目标试验仿真
Xue Xia1, Shuohua Chen2, Xue Tian3
1Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Trial, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
通过控制体重指数,血压,葡萄糖和胆固醇,强度和中度干预显著降低心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险. 这些策略为初级心血管疾病预防提供了显著的公共卫生效益.
科学领域:
- 心血管疾病的研究研究.
- 公共卫生干预措施 公共卫生干预措施
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 在中国和西太平洋国家,心脏代谢风险因子概况低于最佳的情况普遍存在.
- 对心血管疾病 (CVD) 有效的初级预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估持续的密集和中等干预措施的心血管益处,这些干预措施的目标是身体质量指数 (BMI),静缩血压 (SBP),禁食血糖 (FBG) 和总胆固醇 (TC).
主要方法:
- 使用参数g-formula框架的向试验模拟应用于Kailuan队列 (2006-2017) 94,661名无心血管疾病参与者的纵向数据 (年龄≥30岁).
- 在动态干预中模拟了强度 (BMI <25 kg/m2,SBP <120 mm Hg,FBG <5.6 mmol/L,TC <5.2 mmol/L) 和中度 (BMI <30 kg/m2,SBP <140 mm Hg,FBG <7.0 mmol/L,TC <6.2 mmol/L) 策略的反事实结果.
- 考虑了时间变化的混因素和竞争性事件,以评估10年内发生的心血管疾病风险.
主要成果:
- 强化干预将相对心血管疾病风险降低49% (RR,0.51),相比自然过程风险 (6.48%),相当于绝对风险降低3.15%,并将心血管疾病无病时间平均延长0.19年.
- 系统性血压控制显示出最显著的个人风险因素益处.
- 适度干预实现了25%的心血管疾病相对风险降低,在男性和60岁及以上的个人中观察到更大的绝对风险降低.
结论:
- 针对心脏代谢风险因素的持续干预为心血管疾病的初级预防提供了显著的公共卫生效益.
- 这些发现对中国和西太平洋国家等普遍存在低于最佳心脏代谢风险概况的地区的公共卫生战略有重要意义.
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