在认知衰老中,横向前额叶皮层梯度的层次性破坏
Hai-Yan Hou1,2,3, Ping Wang4, Sheng-Ju Guo1,2
1State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science and Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
GeroScience
|January 23, 2026
概括
衰老压缩大脑的侧面前额皮层 (LPFC) 组织,影响执行功能. 这种神经分离,特别是在背侧 (DLPFC) 和前极 (FPC) 区域,可以作为认知衰老的生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知老龄化 认知老龄化
- 大脑连接学 (Connectomics)
背景情况:
- 侧面前额叶皮质 (LPFC) 对于执行功能至关重要,并且具有层次组织.
- 了解LPFC组织中与年龄相关的变化对于认知衰老研究至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 用连接组梯度映射研究LPFC功能组织中与年龄相关的变化.
- 探索LPFC梯度变化与执行功能衰退在衰老中的关系.
主要方法:
- 从478名成年人 (年轻人,中年人,老年人) 的休息状态fMRI数据使用连接组梯度映射进行了分析.
- 使用元分析解码将功能变化与认知过程联系起来.
- 一个99名老年人的独立队列被用于验证.
主要成果:
- 老年人显示全球梯度结构保留,但LPFC区域 (DLPFC,FPC) 主梯度的显著压缩.
- 减少LPFC的功能差异化与分区之间的空间分离较少以及执行职能减弱相关.
- 在老年人中,更好的执行功能与更大的全球梯度范围和特定的区域梯度模式 (更高的DLPFC/VLPFC,较低的前运动) 有关.
结论:
- 与LPFC梯度组织的与年龄相关的破坏反映了神经脱差,并与执行力下降有关.
- LPFC梯度压缩可能成为认知衰老的新生物标志物.
- 研究结果提供了对老化过程中大脑网络层次重组的见解.
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