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美国社区调查发现的残疾诊断 六个问题序列
1Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
JAMA health forum
|January 23, 2026
概括
美国社区调查-6 (ACS-6) 在大多数人口群体中发现了类似的残疾诊断,但诊断因年龄而异. 这凸显了在未来的残疾数据收集中需要考虑与年龄相关的异质性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生社会学 卫生社会学
背景情况:
- 联邦残疾数据收集主要使用美国社区调查-6 (ACS-6) 通过功能障碍问题识别残疾人.
- 对于ACS-6所捕获的特定诊断或它们在不同人口亚组中的一致性知之甚少.
研究的目的:
- 描述由ACS-6识别的残疾诊断.
- 评估ACS-6在人口亚组中确定的人口的一致性.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究分析了2023/2024年收入和计划参与调查 (SIPP) 中13,341名残疾人的数据.
- 来自ACS-6的36个诊断分组的患病率被评估为整体,通过个别问题,以及跨年龄,种族/种族,性别和教育,并根据认知障碍状况进一步分类.
主要成果:
- 焦虑/强迫症,抑郁症,肌肉骨问题,背部/脊柱问题和神经疾病是劳动年龄成人常见的诊断.
- 由ACS-6识别的残疾诊断显示,不同年龄组的残疾诊断存在差异.
- 然而,诊断在性别,种族/种族和教育程度定义的人口群体中基本上是相似的.
结论:
- 在ACS-6中,除了年龄之外,在所有人口亚组中确定了一个一致的人口.
- 在不同年龄组和子组的残疾诊断中存在实质性的异质性.
- 未来的联邦残疾数据收集修订应该考虑调查设计中的这种异质性.
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