探索孟加拉国低出生体重的多层次决定因素:了解针对性公共卫生干预措施的影响
Akher Ali1, Md Kamrul Hasan1, Ruhul Amin1
1Department of Statistics and Data Science, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
PLOS global public health
|January 23, 2026
概括
低出生体重 (LBW) 影响了孟加拉国9.15%的新生儿. 关键因素包括社会经济地位,获得医疗保健和产前护理,强调需要有针对性的干预措施来改善婴儿健康结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 孕产妇和儿童的健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 低出生体重 (LBW) 是胎儿生长障碍的关键指标,与婴儿发病率和死亡率有显著关联.
- 孟加拉国等发展中国家的LBW受健康,教育和社会经济因素的复杂相互作用的影响.
- 了解多层次决定因素对于开发有效的公共卫生干预措施来打击不良出生结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查孟加拉国LBW的流行率和决定因素.
- 在分析LBW时,要考虑个人和社区层面的因素.
- 识别风险因素并为有针对性的公共卫生战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用了2022年孟加拉国人口和健康调查的数据,包括5342名新生儿.
- 分类出生体重为LBW (<2,500g) 或正常 (≥2,500g).
- 采用二进制和多层次的物流回归来识别风险因素并评估社区层面的变化,报告调整的赔率比率和95%的置信区间.
主要成果:
- 在孟加拉国,LBW的患病率为9.15%.
- 重要的决定因素包括行政划分,居住地,家庭财富,分娩方式,产前护理访问次数和分娩地点.
- 多级模型显示,集群级别的变异性减少,这表明调整后解释能力有所改善.
结论:
- 孟加拉国的LBW是多因素的,受母亲的特征,社会经济条件,医疗保健利用和上下文因素的影响.
- 加强孕产妇医疗保健服务和扩大产前护理覆盖面是必不可少的.
- 解决社会经济差异至关重要,以减少LBW的流行率和相关风险.
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