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相关概念视频

Velocity and Position by Integral Method01:13

Velocity and Position by Integral Method

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If acceleration as a function of time is known, then velocity and position functions can be derived using integral calculus. For constant acceleration, the integral equations refer to the first and second kinematic equations for velocity and position functions, respectively.
Consider an example to calculate the velocity and position from the acceleration function. A motorboat is traveling at a constant velocity of 5.0 m/s when it starts to decelerate to arrive at the dock. Its acceleration is...
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Velocity and Position by Graphical Method01:34

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Velocity and position can be calculated from the known function of acceleration as a function of time. The total area under the acceleration-time graph and the velocity-time graph gives the change in velocity and position, respectively. In the case of an airplane, its acceleration is tracked using the inertial navigation system. The pilot provides the input of the airplane's initial position and velocity before takeoff. The inertial navigation system then uses the acceleration data to...
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PPE Use in Healthcare Settings II: Doffing01:10

PPE Use in Healthcare Settings II: Doffing

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The sequence of removing or doffing PPE starts with the gloves, as they are the most contaminated. Next is removal of the face shield or goggles, as they would interfere with removing other PPE. Then remove the gown, followed by the mask or respirator. Perform hand hygiene between steps if hands become contaminated and immediately after removing all PPE. Generally, the outside front and sleeves of the isolation gown, the goggles or the mask, the respirator, and the face shield are contaminated.
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Average Velocity01:12

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To calculate the other physical quantities in kinematics, we must introduce the time variable. The time variable allows us not only to state the position of the object during its motion, but also how fast it is moving. The speed at which an object is moving is given by the rate at which the position changes with time. For each position xi, we assign a particular time ti. If the details of the motion at each instant are not important, the rate is usually expressed as the average velocity. This...
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Instantaneous Velocity - II01:10

Instantaneous Velocity - II

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Instantaneous velocity is the quantity that measures how fast an object is moving along its path. In other words, the instantaneous velocity of an object is the limit of the average velocity as the elapsed time approaches zero, or the derivative of displacement with respect to time. Like average velocity, the instantaneous velocity is a vector with the dimensions of length per unit time. Instantaneous velocity can have both positive and negative values. The instantaneous velocity can be...
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Escape Velocity01:26

Escape Velocity

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The escape velocity of an object is defined as the minimum initial velocity that it requires to escape the surface of another object to which it is gravitationally bound and never to return. For example, what would be the minimum velocity at which a satellite should be launched from the Earth's surface such that it just escapes the Earth's gravitational field?
To calculate the escape velocity, it is assumed that no energy is lost to any frictional forces. In practice, a satellite...
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通过增量学习,对3-DoFs假肢的协同适应速度和位置控制.

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    概括

    与位置控制相比,基于速度的假肢控制可以提高上肢假肢的性能和用户满意度. 这种肌肉控制策略提供了更低的错误和工作量,改善了用户的假肢运动.

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    科学领域:

    • 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
    • 康复机器人 康复机器人
    • 神经修复品是一种神经修复品.

    背景情况:

    • 上肢假肢的控制是复杂的,需要高的认知负载来进行自然的运动.
    • 电肌图 (EMG) 信号的不稳定性限制了基于机器学习的肌控.
    • 现有的方法难以对多度自由度 (DoF) 假肢设备进行直观控制.

    研究的目的:

    • 为了研究和比较3DoF上肢假体的同时,比例肌肉控制策略 (位置与速度).
    • 通过增量学习来评估用户和假肢系统之间的共同适应.
    • 评估每个控制策略的性能,可用性,工作量,同时性和比例性.

    主要方法:

    • 实施了两种肌肉控制策略 (基于位置和基于速度),用于3DoF假肢的增量学习.
    • 六名身体健康的参与者和五名肢体差异的参与者在四次会议中完成了目标实现控制测试.
    • 性能指标包括错误率,成功率,路径效率,可用性,工作负载,同时性和比例性.

    主要成果:

    • 在两组参与者中,速度控制表现出优于位置控制的性能,显示出较低的错误和工作负载.
    • 随着时间的推移,这两种控制策略在身体健康的参与者中都得到了改善;位置控制在肢体差异参与者中显示出显著的改善.
    • 在位置和速度控制策略之间没有发现可用性的显著差异.
    • 位置控制促进了更多的多个DoFs的同时激活.

    结论:

    • 推基于速度的肌肉控制来提高假肢性能和用户满意度.
    • 这一策略为上肢假肢提供了更直观,更不苛刻的控制方法.
    • 进一步的研究可能会探索混合控制方法,以利用这两种策略的好处.