胺基改性聚乙烯颗粒诱导微质中的表面化学驱动的免疫毒性:托洛克斯的保护作用
Chaerin Kim1, Min-Kyung Nam2, Jiyoung Yeo2
1Department of Medical Sciences, The Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Postech-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
|January 23, 2026
概括
胺基改性微塑料通过破坏线粒体和引发脑细胞炎症引起更大的神经毒性. 这种表面修饰显著增加了对中枢神经系统的微塑料风险.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 微塑料是广泛存在的环境污染物.
- 人们担心它们对人类健康,特别是中枢神经系统的潜在影响.
- 微塑料表面化学对神经毒性的影响尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究聚烯微塑料的表面修饰如何影响它们在微质细胞中的神经毒性.
- 阐明氨基改性微塑料增强神经毒性的背后机制.
主要方法:
- 对BV2微质细胞暴露于普通,碳基改性和氨基改性聚烯微塑料.
- 评估细胞活力,炎症反应,细胞因子表达 (TNF-α,IL-6),M1极化标志物,线粒体功能,活性氧物种 (ROS) 生产,氧化合成,亡和神经元细胞退化.
- 评估特罗洛克斯 (一种维生素E类似物) 作为潜在的缓解剂.
主要成果:
- 与其他形式相比,氨基基改性聚乙烯 (PS-NH2) 微塑料的细胞毒性明显更高.
- PS-NH2诱导了快速的微质内化,明显的炎症,M1极化,线粒体损伤和氧化应激.
- 通过II和III复合体产生线粒体超氧化物被确定为一个关键机制.
- PS-NH2诱导的微质损伤导致了二次神经元退化.
- 托洛克斯治疗通过抑制ROS介导的炎症信号减轻了微质毒性和神经元损失.
结论:
- 表面化学在确定微塑料神经毒性的过程中至关重要.
- 胺基修饰大大提高了微塑料的神经炎症和神经毒性潜力.
- 线粒体ROS和反应性物种介导了氨基基改性微塑料的毒性.
- 这些发现对评估神经系统疾病中微塑料风险有影响.
相关概念视频
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area
1.6K
Dissolution kinetics, an essential aspect of oral drug delivery, is significantly influenced by the drug's particle size. According to the Noyes-Whitney dissolution model, the dissolution rate correlates directly with the drug's surface area. The larger the surface area, the higher the drug's solubility in water, leading to a faster drug dissolution rate. Reducing particle size increases the effective surface area, enhancing the dissolution process. Micronization and nanosizing are...
1.6K
Amines to Amides: Acylation of Amines
3.4K
Various carboxylic acid derivatives (such as acid chlorides, esters, and anhydrides) can be used for the acylation of amines to yield amides. The reaction requires two equivalents of amines. The first amine molecule functions as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl carbon to produce a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the loss of the leaving group and restoration of the C=O bond.
Next, the second equivalent of amine serves as a Brønsted base and deprotonates the quaternary...
Next, the second equivalent of amine serves as a Brønsted base and deprotonates the quaternary...
3.4K
Biological Effects of Radiation
17.7K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
17.7K
Preparation of Amines: Alkylation of Ammonia and Amines
4.6K
Alkylation is one of the methods used to prepare amines. Direct alkylation of ammonia or a primary amine with an alkyl halide gives polyalkylated amines along with a quaternary ammonium salt through successive SN2 reactions. This process of making the quaternary salt through the direct alkylation method is called exhaustive alkylation.
Each alkylation step makes the nitrogen center more nucleophilic, which triggers successive alkylations until a quaternary ammonium salt is formed. Considering...
Each alkylation step makes the nitrogen center more nucleophilic, which triggers successive alkylations until a quaternary ammonium salt is formed. Considering...
4.6K
Preparation of Amines: Reductive Amination of Aldehydes and Ketones
3.8K
Carbonyl compounds and primary amines undergo reductive amination first to produce imines, followed by secondary amines in the same reaction mixture, using selective reducing agents like sodium cyanoborohydride or sodium triacetoxyborohydride. Reductive amination produces different degrees of substitution of amines depending on the starting amine substrate.
3.8K
Structure of Amines
3.2K
The hybridized nitrogen atom in amines possesses a lone pair of electrons and is bound to three substituents with a bond angle of around 108°, which is less than the tetrahedral angle of 109.5°. However, the C–N–H bond angle is slightly larger at 112°, with a carbon–nitrogen bond length of 147 pm. This carbon–nitrogen bond length of of amines is longer than the carbon–oxygen bond of alcohols (143 pm) but shorter than alkanes’ carbon–carbon bond (154 pm). These aspects are...
3.2K


