开发和验证可解释的机器学习模型,用于预测ICU治疗卵巢癌患者的医院死亡率:一项多中心研究
Yihan Li1, Miao Guo1, Hefan Yang2
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
概括
一个可解释的机器学习模型准确地预测了ICU的卵巢癌患者的医院死亡率. 关键预测因素包括红细胞分布宽度,二碳酸盐和化物,优于传统的评分系统.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 密集护理医学 密集护理医学
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 被送往重症监护室 (ICU) 的卵巢癌患者死亡率很高.
- 准确预测医院死亡率对于及时干预和资源分配至关重要.
- 现有的评分系统可能无法充分捕捉这种特定患者群体中危急疾病的复杂性.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证可解释的机器学习 (ML) 模型,用于预测ICU住院卵巢癌患者的医院死亡率.
- 确定死亡率的关键临床和实验室预测因素.
- 将ML模型的性能与已建立的ICU评分系统进行比较.
主要方法:
- 一项回顾性多中心研究包括来自MIMIC-IV和eICU数据库的433名卵巢癌患者.
- 博鲁塔算法从ICU入院后24小时内收集的数据中确定了重要的预测因素.
- 一种支持矢量机 (SVM) 模型经过10倍交叉验证进行训练和验证,使用MIMIC-IV进行训练/内部验证和eICU进行外部验证.
- 为了模型的可解释性,使用了夏普利添加式扩展 (SHAP) 分析.
主要成果:
- 支持矢量机 (SVM) 模型表现出强大的预测性能 (AUC 0.857内部,0.750外部),优于顺序器官衰竭评估 (SOFA),简化急性生理学评分II (SAPS II) 和牛津急性疾病严重性评分 (OASIS).
- 红细胞分布宽度 (RDW),碳酸和是最重要的预测因素.
- SHAP分析确定了关键值:RDW>20% (特别是>25%),二碳酸盐<20 mmol/L,以及异常的化物水平显著增加了死亡风险.
结论:
- 使用易于使用的实验室参数的可解释的ML模型准确地预测了ICU入院卵巢癌患者的医院死亡率.
- 开发的模型显著优于传统的ICU评分系统.
- 对RDW,二碳酸盐和的可操作的临床值为风险分层和临床决策提供了宝贵的见解.
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