老年人的饮食障碍和饮食行为障碍:一个范围审查
Sivapriya Vaidyanathan1, Abhiram Purohith Narasimhan1, Keerthana Mynampally1
1Department of Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
Journal of eating disorders
|January 24, 2026
概括
老年人的饮食障碍和饮食行为障碍是一个重大的公共卫生问题. 需要更多的包容性,纵向研究来理解和解决老龄化人口中的这些问题.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 饮食障碍 (ED) 和饮食行为障碍 (DEB) 对老年人的身体健康和死亡率构成重大风险.
- 在这个人口群体中,缺乏系统评估ED和DEB的研究.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查现有的饮食障碍和老年人饮食行为障碍研究格局.
- 确定当前研究的差距和局限性,包括诊断有效性,多样性和研究设计.
主要方法:
- 进行了全面的范围审查,搜索主要数据库 (MEDLINE,Google Scholar,PsycINFO) 查找2000年至2025年间出版的相关的英语同行评审文章.
- 该审查遵循了PRISMA-ScR报告标准,重点研究了老年人ED/DEB的诊断,流行病学,决定因素,临床特征,进展或治疗.
主要成果:
- 包括53篇出版物,主要是观察性,以社区为基础的研究,多样性有限,依赖单步查.
- 老年人常见的ED表现包括饮食限制,过度饮食行为和身体形象问题,这些问题通常是由心理社会压力因素引发的.
- 抑郁症和焦虑症等并发症是常见的;结合行为和药物干预措施显示出有希望的结果,而慢性和不良参与预测了更差的结果.
结论:
- 在老年人中,ED和DEB是一个未被充分认识到的公共卫生问题.
- 目前的研究局限性包括缺乏多样性,以西方为中心的样本,以及依赖自我报告的数据.
- 迫切需要进行包容性,纵向性和干预性研究,以更好地了解生物心理社会决定因素,并促进对年龄敏感的护理.
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