在第三提取后口服止痛药的不良反应:随机对照试验的网络元分析
R-A Magesty1, G-M de-Souza, I-A Fernandes
1Department of Dentistry Eastern Minas University Center (UNILESTE) Coronel Fabriciano, Brazil Av. Bárbara Heliodora, 725. 35160-215 Imbaúbas, Ipatinga, Minas Gerais, Brazil rafaelmagesty@live.com.
Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal
|January 24, 2026
概括
非类固醇抗炎药物 (NSAIDs) 可能会在第三手术后产生更多不良事件,但证据的确定性很低. 诺塞博效应显著影响感知到的安全性,需要谨慎地解释NSAID风险与益处.
科学领域:
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 在口腔外科手术.
- 基于证据的医学基于证据的医学.
背景情况:
- 在第三手术中,平衡止痛效果和安全性至关重要.
- 网络元分析 (NMA) 用于比较口服止痛药的安全性.
- 副作用是药物安全性的关键指标.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较和排列单剂量口服止痛药方案的安全性概况.
- 评估与不同止痛药选择相关的不良事件.
- 为手术后选择止痛药提供基于证据的指导.
主要方法:
- 进行了随机对照试验 (RCT) 的频率网络元分析 (NMA).
- 包括28个RCT,其中5306名患者接受了第三手术.
- 使用CINeMA评估出院前任何不良事件 (AE) 的发生率和证据的确定性.
主要成果:
- 与其他非阿片类药物和阿片类止痛药相比,NSAID单独治疗显示出更高的副作用风险.
- 在大多数活性药物和安慰剂之间观察到很少有显著的安全差异.
- 无论是NSAID还是安慰剂,都更有可能被列为最不安全的选择之一,证据确定性较低.
结论:
- 单剂量止痛药的安全性概况复杂,NSAID可能与更多的副作用有关,通常是像恶心这样的轻微副作用.
- 在安慰剂组中事件的高发病率凸显了nocebo效应的重要作用.
- 谨慎地解释比较NSAID安全性数据,平衡潜在风险与已确定的止痛效果.
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