增加的水分压力和减弱对干旱的抵御力限制全球绿化全球绿化
Rahul Kashyap1, Jayanarayanan Kuttippurath1
1CORAL, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
The Science of the total environment
|January 24, 2026
概括
全球光合作用日益受到水分压力的影响,蒸汽压力赤字是主要的驱动因素. 增加的干旱性减缓了绿化,突出了土地管理的必要性,以提高生态系统的弹性和确保粮食安全.
科学领域:
- 地球系统科学 地球系统科学
- 气候变化研究 气候变化研究
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 全球绿化和干旱程度的增加是气候变化的关键指标.
- 了解全球光合作用对水分压力的反应对于预测未来生态系统动态至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 根据当前和未来的气候场景,研究湿度压力对全球光合作用的影响.
- 确定湿度压力的关键驱动因素及其与光合作用的因果关系.
主要方法:
- 利用卫星遥感数据 (FPAR,EVI,SIF),重新分析和气候预测.
- 采用统计和机器学习 (随机森林) 技术进行可靠的分析.
- 评估了蒸汽压力不足 (VPD),土壤湿度 (SM) 和气候水不足 (CWD) 对光合作用的影响.
主要成果:
- 蒸汽压力不足 (VPD) 对全球光合作用 (39.76%) 的影响比土壤水分 (SM, 31.44%) 和气候水不足 (CWD, 28.8%) 更大.
- VPD与光合作用有直接的因果关系,而SM和CWD通过VPD间接影响光合作用.
- 尽管总体上累计增长率有所提升,但由于水分压力的增加,特别是草原和热带生物群,全球绿化已经放缓/逆转 (-2.8%CGR).
- 像农田和温带/干旱生物群等生态系统对干旱的敏感性很高,对干旱的抵抗力很低.
结论:
- 全球光合作用对干旱的不同方面表现出混合的弹性,获得了对VPD和CWD的弹性,但因SM干燥而失去.
- 对湿度压力的抵抗力下降,特别是在脆弱的生态系统中,可能导致绿化放缓或逆转.
- 有效的土地管理策略对于提高生态系统抵御水分压力的能力至关重要,确保粮食安全和可持续性.
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