精神病类经历与青少年晚期新发精神障碍之间的纵向关联
Meng Sun1, Dongfang Wang2, Jasmin Ricard3
1The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China.
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
|January 24, 2026
概括
青春晚期的精神病类经历 (PLEs) 显著增加了发展新的精神疾病的风险,包括精神病和非精神病状况. 早期发现PLEs对于风险查和干预至关重要.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
- 青少年心理学 青少年心理学
背景情况:
- 精神病类似经历 (PLEs) 越来越被认为是心理健康状况的潜在早期指标.
- 了解PLE与青少年精神障碍的出现之间的时间关系对于早期干预策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查精神病类经历 (PLEs) 与青少年晚期新发性精神障碍的发生率之间的纵向关联.
- 量化该年龄组中各种精神障碍的PLE风险和人口归因比例.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及中国6737名大学生的纵向研究 (广州大学生早期心理健康查 - GEMSS).
- 参与者根据当前,以前或从未经历过PLEs的基线评估进行了分类.
- 考克斯的比例危险模型用于计算新发精神障碍 (MD),精神障碍 (PD) 和非精神障碍 (nonPD) 的危险比率 (HRs) 和人口归因分数 (PAFs).
主要成果:
- 与没有PLEs的参与者相比,目前PLEs的参与者对新发病的MD (HR=4.83),PD (HR=10.59) 和非PD (HR=6.22) 的风险明显更高.
- 以前的PLEs也与发生MD (HR=2.11) 和非PD (HR=2.25) 的风险增加有关.
- 在新发病的MD (49.1%),PD (74.4%) 和非PD (52.4%) 中,PLE占了很大比例.
结论:
- 青春晚期的精神病类似经历是精神病和非精神病精神障碍的重要预测因素.
- 在人口查中,PLEs作为关键的跨诊断标记,用于识别高风险个体.
- 早期识别和管理PLEs对于预防青少年发展严重心理健康状况至关重要.
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