使用超声波和机器学习预测乳腺癌新辅助化疗的疗效
Meihong Jia1, Huizhan Li1, Wenli Xiao1
1Department of Ultrasonography, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China.
Ultrasound in medicine & biology
|January 24, 2026
概括
使用超声波和临床病理学数据的机器学习模型准确地预测乳腺癌新辅助化疗 (NAC) 后的病理完整反应 (pCR). 这种非侵入性工具有助于个性化治疗规划和疗效评估.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 新辅助化疗 (NAC) 对于乳腺癌治疗至关重要.
- 预测病理完整反应 (pCR) 对于治疗优化至关重要.
- 需要非侵入性预测工具来指导个性化治疗.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种机器学习模型,用于预测接受NAC.乳腺癌患者的pCR.
- 整合超声波 (美国) 和临床病理学特征,以提高预测准确度.
- 建立一种非侵入性工具,用于评估NAC的疗效,并为治疗决策提供信息.
主要方法:
- 对463名接受NAC.乳腺癌患者的回顾性分析.
- 使用最小绝对收缩和选择操作员回归的特征选择.
- 开发和优化七个机器学习模型,包括XGBoost,使用十倍交叉验证.
- 通过ROC曲线,DCA和校准曲线进行性能评估.
主要成果:
- 在XGBoost模型的测试组中,AUC达到0.8955,灵敏度为0.8095,特异性为0.8026.
- 关键的pCR预测因素包括ER阴性,PR阴性,瘤直径短,以及HER2阳性状态.
- XGBoost展示了最高的净效益和良好的校准,表明可靠的预测准确性.
结论:
- 开发的XGBoost模型准确地预测了接受NAC的乳腺癌患者的pCR.
- 该模型结合了美国和临床病理学数据,显示了作为治疗疗效评估的有价值工具的潜力.
- 建议进行进一步的多中心验证,以确认该模型在临床应用中的通用性.
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