通过Synapsin III基因多态和神经认知特征,区分ADHD和对立性挑性障碍
Akın Tahıllıoğlu1, Angélica Salatino-Oliveira2, Flávia Wagner3
1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, İzmir Bakırçay University, İzmir, Turkey.
缺少特定的Synapsin III基因变异 (rs133946 C/G单元型) 与注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 与对立挑战性障碍 (ODD) 共患的风险更高有关. 这种遗传标记可能会影响ADHD+ODD儿童的冲动性.
科学领域:
- 神经遗传学 神经遗传学
- 儿童精神病学 儿童精神病学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 经常与对立挑战性障碍 (ODD) 一起发生.
- 了解ADHD与ODD并发症的遗传和神经认知基础对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
- 突触素 (SYN) III基因与神经元发育和功能有关,使其成为神经发育障碍的候选者.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究基因区别,特别是Synapsin (SYN) III基因多态,在ADHD-only,ADHD+ODD和典型的发展控制 (TDCs) 之间.
- 探索与ADHD和ODD儿童这些遗传变异相关的神经认知特征.
- 为了识别潜在的遗传标记在ADHD的ODD共发病.
主要方法:
- 在59名仅患有ADHD的儿童,42名患有ADHD+ODD的儿童和100名TDC的儿童中,SYN III基因多态 (rs133946) 的基因定型.
- 使用中枢神经系统生命体征测试电池,智商评估和半结构化精神病学访谈进行神经认知评估.
- 父母完成了图尔盖ADHD评分尺度IV.
主要成果:
- 在SYN III中缺少rs133946 C/G单元型显著与ADHD+ODD风险增加有关 (OR=12.14,p=0.001).
- 拥有更多rs133946 C/G单元的个体在Stroop测试中表现出更快的简单反应时间 (p=0.044).
- 只有ADHD和ADHD+ODD组之间没有发现明显的直接神经认知差异,尽管两者都与TDC不同.
结论:
- 缺少SYN III rs133946 C/G哈普洛型可能作为ADHD中ODD并发症的遗传标记.
- 这一遗传发现可能与ADHD+ODD中增加冲动性或减少抑制性控制的潜在机制有关.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索这种遗传多态性在神经发育障碍中的功能影响.
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