智力障碍者中成行为:一个总体审查
Amalia Udeanu1, Gloria Garcia-Fernandez1, M Lucía Morán2
1Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
Clinical psychology review
|January 25, 2026
概括
在智力障碍 (ID) 的男性中,物质使用更为普遍. 基于证据的干预措施是有希望的,但对于包容性预防策略需要更多的研究.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 智力障碍研究 智力障碍研究
- 药物成科学 药物成科学
背景情况:
- 对于智力障碍 (ID) 患者来说,上行为带来了重大挑战.
- 现有的关于该群体中药物使用,博和游戏的研究是有限的.
- 本综述综合了证据,以告知预防和治疗策略.
研究的目的:
- 对ID患者的药物使用,博和游戏进行系统性审查进行总体审查.
- 专注于流行率,模式,风险因素,动机和干预方法.
- 识别文献中的空白,并为未来的研究提供信息.
主要方法:
- 系统搜索科学网络,PsycINFO和Cochrane数据库,以进行系统的审查和元分析.
- 纳入标准集中在ID和药物使用,博或游戏的个体上.
- 使用JBI系统审查检查清单进行质量评估.
主要成果:
- 对于博和游戏,没有找到符合条件的研究.
- 九项审查重点关注物质使用 (酒精,烟草,大麻,溶剂,兴奋剂,抑郁剂).
- 在男性,成年人和那些支持需求不那么复杂的人群中观察到更高的物质使用率.
- 使用了动机,教育和行为干预措施.
- 认知行为疗法,动机增强疗法和正念显示出潜在的有效性.
结论:
- 解决社会决定因素和保护因素的包容性预防策略至关重要.
- 基于证据,以人为中心和基于权利的框架对于干预至关重要.
- 需要进一步研究强大的设计,并纳入这些观点.
- 从现象学和上下文的角度研究多药和行为上是必要的.
相关概念视频
01:29Intellectual Disability
702
Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
702
01:25Learning Disabilities
586
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
586
01:10Review and Preview
8.3K
In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
8.3K
01:13Review and Preview
10.9K
Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Random...
10.9K
01:15Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena
1.2K
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
1.2K
00:54What is Behavior?
10.2K
Behaviors are actions that an organism engages in—they can be related to finding food, reproducing, defending against threats, and many other possible actions. Behaviors include activities related to the environment around the animal—such as migration—as well as social interactions within a species or population. Many behaviors involve motor output—that is, muscle movements—while others involve less visible actions, such as learning.
10.2K