东非新生儿外科死亡率:系统性审查和元分析
Yohannis Derbew Molla1, Mekdes Tsegaye Alebel2, Hirut Tesfahun Alemu2
1Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Journal of pediatric surgery
|January 25, 2026
概括
东非新生儿手术死亡率很高,近26%的受影响新生儿死亡. 败血症是主要的预测因素,突出了改善护理和基础设施的需要.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 儿科手术 儿科手术
- 新生儿护理 新生儿护理
背景情况:
- 新生儿外科条件是导致5岁以下儿童死亡的重要原因,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
- 东非新生儿外科死亡率 (NSM) 和其决定因素的数据有限.
- 本研究通过系统地审查和分析该地区的NSM来解决数据缺口.
研究的目的:
- 估计东非手术条件下的新生儿的综合死亡率.
- 确定这一脆弱人群中死亡率的关键预测因素.
- 为减少NSM提供有针对性的干预措施和政策制定信息.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指南进行系统审查和元分析.
- 搜索了主要的数据库 (PubMed,Scopus,EMBASE,Google Scholar) 来查找来自东非的观测研究.
- 包括报告外科条件的新生儿 (0-28天) 死亡率的研究;使用纽卡斯尔-太华尺度评估偏差风险.
主要成果:
- 分析了来自东非五个国家的12项研究 (n=3,451名新生儿).
- 综合总体死亡率为25.7%,术后死亡率为18%.
- 败血症是一个一致的预测因素 (AOR 1.70);食道缩和腹壁缺陷具有高死亡风险.
结论:
- 东非新生儿手术死亡率惊人高,近四分之一的新生儿死亡.
- 差距表明医疗保健基础设施,获取和术后护理方面的系统性差距.
- 预防败血症,温度调节和加强转诊系统的紧急干预至关重要.
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