健康素养调解了非洲裔美国人/黑人和白人与没有艾滋病毒在深南地区的认知功能中的种族差异
Jeremy D Delgadillo1, Ilex Beltran-Najera2, Alexis R Long3
1University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Psychology, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Nursing (Auckland, N.Z.)
|January 26, 2026
概括
健康素养显著调解了非洲裔美国人/黑人成年人的认知方面的种族差异,无论是艾滋病毒感染者还是没有感染者. 提高健康素养可能会提高这些人群的认知功能.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 在中年和老年非洲裔美国人/黑人成年人中存在认知差异,特别是那些感染艾滋病毒的人 (PLWH).
- 健康素养在PLWH之间认知的种族差异中的作用尚不清楚.
- 非洲裔美国人/黑人成年人面临着重大的健康素养挑战,影响健康结果.
研究的目的:
- 调查健康素养是否调解认知功能中的种族差异.
- 为了比较艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 和没有艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWoH) 之间的认知功能和健康素养.
- 在深南的种族差异背景下检查这些关系.
主要方法:
- 对273名参与者 (170名PLWH,103名PLWoH) 的二次分析,主要是非洲裔美国人/黑人.
- 评估口头文字素养,多项健康素养测量,以及全面的神经认知电池.
- 多变量线性回归和调整的引导式调解分析,以评估健康素养的调解.
主要成果:
- 白人参与者在认知,健康素养,口头文字素养和SES方面得分高于非洲裔美国人/黑人参与者.
- 在PLWH (b=.205,p=.007) 和PLWoH (b=0.354,p=.002) 两种情况下,健康素养与认知有显著的关联.
- 在这两组中,健康素养显著调解了种族和认知之间的关联 (PLWH效应=.055;PLWoH效应=.093).
结论:
- 健康素养对于理解包括PLWH在内的非裔美国人/黑人成年人认知方面的种族差异至关重要.
- 研究结果强调了对健康素养干预措施的需要,以潜在地改善认知功能.
- 针对健康素养的干预措施可能为减少弱势群体认知差异提供了一条途径.
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