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相关概念视频

Porin Insertion in the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane01:12

Porin Insertion in the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane

4.8K
Porins are beta-barrel proteins translocated to the mitochondrial outer membrane through the TOM complex into the intermembrane space. Porin precursors bind TIM chaperones within the intermembrane space and are guided to the Sorting and Assembly Machinery complex or SAM complex on the outer mitochondrial membrane.
Three models describe the assembly of porins by the SAM complex and their insertion into the outer membrane. Model 1 suggests that porins are assembled outside the SAM channel as the...
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Protein Transport to the Outer Chloroplast Membrane01:11

Protein Transport to the Outer Chloroplast Membrane

2.4K
Chloroplast outer membrane proteins encoded by the nucleus are synthesized in the cytosol. Soon after synthesis, they bind cytosolic factors such as 14-3-3 protein and the Hsp70 chaperones that keep these precursors in an unfolded state until their translocation.
Two models describe the mechanism of precursor recognition and entry across the outer membrane through the TOC complex. Model 1 suggests the newly synthesized precursor binds to the TOC receptor 159 and forms a complex.
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Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane01:26

Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane

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Proteins and neurotransmitters in secretory vesicles can be released from a cell upon vesicle docking, priming, and fusion with the plasma membrane. Vesicles are docked and primed in preparation for the quick exocytosis of their contents in response to a stimulus. The fusion process is mainly carried out by a SNAP Receptor or SNARE complex, consisting of synaptobrevin, syntaxin-1, and SNAP-25.
In 1993, Jim Rothman proposed that the antiparallel pairing of vesicular and transmembrane SNAREs, or...
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Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

16.1K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
16.1K
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

4.5K
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Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Size Exclusion Chromatography to Analyze Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicle Heterogeneity
07:26

Size Exclusion Chromatography to Analyze Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicle Heterogeneity

Published on: March 31, 2021

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生物工程修饰和细菌外膜囊泡的应用.

Yedu Wen1, Yidi Si1, Xinni Jia1

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.

International journal of medical sciences
|January 26, 2026
PubMed
概括

外膜囊泡 (OMVs),细菌纳米囊泡,在疫苗和药物输送方面显示出临床前景. 标准化OMV生产和改造对于它们的治疗应用至关重要.

关键词:
机器人驾驶汽车 (OMV) 的使用生物工程修改 生物工程修改临床应用 临床应用

更多相关视频

Directed Protein Packaging within Outer Membrane Vesicles from Escherichia coli: Design, Production and Purification
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Directed Protein Packaging within Outer Membrane Vesicles from Escherichia coli: Design, Production and Purification

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Legionella pneumophila Outer Membrane Vesicles: Isolation and Analysis of Their Pro-inflammatory Potential on Macrophages
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Legionella pneumophila Outer Membrane Vesicles: Isolation and Analysis of Their Pro-inflammatory Potential on Macrophages

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Size Exclusion Chromatography to Analyze Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicle Heterogeneity
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Size Exclusion Chromatography to Analyze Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicle Heterogeneity

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Directed Protein Packaging within Outer Membrane Vesicles from Escherichia coli: Design, Production and Purification
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Legionella pneumophila Outer Membrane Vesicles: Isolation and Analysis of Their Pro-inflammatory Potential on Macrophages
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科学领域:

  • 微生物学 微生物学
  • 纳米技术 纳米技术
  • 生物医学工程 生物医学工程

背景情况:

  • 外膜囊泡 (OMVs) 是由格拉姆阴性细菌分泌的纳米囊泡.
  • OMVs参与细菌过程,如营养摄取和毒素输送.
  • OMV具有生物相容性和免疫性质,表明其具有治疗潜力.

研究的目的:

  • 审查目前关于OMVs修改和应用的研究.
  • 突出OMV在各种疾病中的临床潜力.
  • 确定挑战,并为基于OMV的治疗开发提供见解.

主要方法:

  • 对OMV修改和应用研究的文献综述.
  • 对OMV与治疗用途相关的特性进行分析.
  • 对基于OMV治疗瘤,自身免疫性疾病和感染的研究结果的整合.

主要成果:

  • OMV在疫苗开发和抗原/药物输送系统方面显示出重大潜力.
  • 应用范围包括治疗瘤,自身免疫性疾病和传染病.
  • 在标准化OMV生产和改造技术方面存在挑战.

结论:

  • OMV为新的治疗策略提供了一个有前途的平台.
  • 临床实施需要进一步的研究和标准化.
  • OMV修改和应用的进步可以推动治疗创新.