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职业学院青少年体质指数的决定因素
Galia M Nasybullina1, Svetlana S Delets2, Ekaterina D Konstantinova3
1Institute of Preventive Medicine, Ural State Medical University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, usma.ru.
International journal of pediatrics
|January 26, 2026
概括
这项研究发现,在15-17岁的职业教育学生中,体重不足和超重/肥胖的比例显著. 饮食习惯,包括更多的某些食物消费,与体重偏差有关,这表明营养改善可以减轻未来的慢性疾病风险.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 青少年营养 青少年营养
- 人类测量学 人类测量学.
背景情况:
- 青春期是建立终身饮食习惯的关键时期.
- 青少年的体重偏离正常体重可能会对健康产生长期后果.
- 了解与职业教育学生体重状况相关的因素对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定中等职业教育学生中体重不足,超重和肥胖的患病率.
- 检查饮食和非饮食因素与体重偏差之间的关联.
- 为改善青少年营养和预防未来慢性疾病提供见解.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及15岁至17岁401名男孩和408名女孩的横截面研究.
- 测量包括身高和体重;通过问卷评估饮食摄入量,食频率,份量大小,体力活动和吸烟状况.
- 统计分析包括描述性统计,学生的t测试,曼-惠特尼测试和多重线性回归.
主要成果:
- 体重不足的发病率为16% (男孩) 和15% (女孩);超重是11.2% (男孩) 和13.7% (女孩);肥胖是4.2% (男孩) 和5.1% (女孩).
- 与体重正常的同龄人相比,超重/肥胖的学生消耗更多的棕色面包,乳制品和蛋.
- 超重的女孩报告了更多的肉类和土豆摄入量.
结论:
- 饮食和非饮食因素与职业教育学生的体重状况有关.
- 特定的食物消费模式与这个年龄组的超重和肥胖有关.
- 专注于改善学生营养的干预措施可能会减少未来患慢性疾病的风险.
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