最近在早期口腔病变诊断方面的进展:人工智能辅助内镜的应用
Xinyi Zhao1,2, Hao Lin1,2, Bang Zeng1,2
1State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Frontiers in oncology
|January 26, 2026
概括
人工智能 (AI) 增强了使用内镜检测口腔状细胞癌 (OSCC) 的早期检测. 人工智能驱动的工具提高了诊断准确性和可访问性,有助于及时治疗这种流行癌症.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 口腔状细胞癌 (OSCC) 是一个重大的全球健康挑战,死亡率高.
- 传统的OSCC诊断方法,包括活检和成像 (CT,MRI),在检测早期或微妙的病变方面存在局限性.
- 目前的内镜技术 (WLI,NBI,AFl) 改善了可视化,但严重依赖于操作员的专业知识.
研究的目的:
- 评估人工智能 (AI) 在通过内镜改善口腔状细胞癌 (OSCC) 的早期检测和诊断方面的作用.
- 探索人工智能驱动的深度学习模型,用于在OSCC的内镜图像中自动检测病变,细分和分类.
- 评估人工智能辅助内镜的潜力,以提高诊断精度和可访问性,特别是在资源有限的环境中.
主要方法:
- 使用深度学习模型,包括Mask R-CNN和U-Net,用于内镜图像的自动分析.
- 实施转移学习,数据增强和多任务学习等技术,以应对过度匹配和有限数据集等挑战.
- 专注于人工智能驱动的病变检测,细分和分类,以加强OSCC的内镜诊断.
主要成果:
- 人工智能驱动的内镜方法表明,在OSCC检测中,诊断精度提高,人为错误减少.
- 自动化分析促进了早期干预,可能导致更好的患者结果.
- 人工智能集成在克服传统方法和操作员依赖技术的局限性方面显示出有希望.
结论:
- 人工智能辅助内镜代表了OSCC早期诊断和管理的变革性进步.
- 需要进一步的研究来标准化数据集,完善人工智能方法,并解决临床整合的伦理考虑.
- 在临床工作流程中优化AI可以显著改善患者的治疗结果,并减少OSCC的全球负担.
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