耐火性降落中的的签名支持切尔诺贝利核喷气机假设
Malcolm J Joyce1, Colin Boxall1, Marcus Christl2
1School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW UK.
Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry
|January 26, 2026
概括
北英格兰土壤中的-239 (Pu-239) 同位素比例表明核爆炸的高温形成. 低温化学爆炸解释了其他同位素的存在,支持了对降落的双事件假设.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 核化学 核化学 核化学
- 放射化学 放射化学是指辐射化学.
背景情况:
- 环境样本中的同位素比率 (Pu-240/Pu-239) 提供了有关放射性核酸释放的起源和条件的见解.
- 了解的物种化 (耐火与挥发性) 可以区分各种类型的核事件.
研究的目的:
- 为了分析英格兰北部土壤中的同位素比率.
- 为了区分核爆炸和化学爆炸,原沉降的起源.
- 为了研究元件的形成温度.
主要方法:
- 在土壤样本中测量耐火和挥发性成分.
- 使用质谱学对的同位素分析.
- 测量Pu-240/Pu-239比率与全球平均值和切尔诺贝利核电站沉降数据的比较.
主要成果:
- 耐火的Pu-240/Pu-239比率 (0.390 ± 0.006) 高于全球平均水平,与切尔诺贝利沉降和形成温度>3000°C一致,表明核驱动爆炸.
- 挥发性Pu-240/Pu-239比率 (0.181 ± 0.002) 与全球平均值一致,表明化学爆炸和火灾造成的低温形成.
- 观察到的Pu-239裂变和捕获截面增强支持S波共振假设.
结论:
- 这项研究支持了双重事件释放的假设:高温核爆炸和随后的低温化学爆炸.
- 耐火元件表明,核驱动爆炸的气体注入.
- 挥发性成分表明在化学爆炸和火灾期间形成,可能与切尔诺贝利事件有关.
相关概念视频
03:20Nuclear Transmutation
20.6K
Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
20.6K
01:14Free Jet
560
Free jets describe the flow of liquid exiting a reservoir through an opening into the atmosphere without resistance. The velocity (v) of the liquid jet is derived using Bernoulli's principle and expressed as:
560
01:14What is a Hypothesis?
14.8K
A hypothesis can be a simple sentence or statement about a property or any phenomenon observed or predicted for a population. It is usually a claim about a property of the population. It can be stated for any field observations or experiments. A hypothesis statement cannot be said to be right or wrong as it is merely a statement. It needs to be tested through an elaborate data collection process and an appropriate statistical test. A hypothesis should be a general but not a vague...
14.8K
03:18Nuclear Stability
23.2K
Protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons, are packed together tightly in a nucleus. With a radius of about 10−15 meters, a nucleus is quite small compared to the radius of the entire atom, which is about 10−10 meters. Nuclei are extremely dense compared to bulk matter, averaging 1.8 × 1014 grams per cubic centimeter. If the earth’s density were equal to the average nuclear density, the earth’s radius would be only about 200 meters.
To hold positively charged protons together...
To hold positively charged protons together...
23.2K
01:11Types of Hypothesis Testing
27.9K
There are three types of hypothesis tests: right-tailed, left-tailed, and two-tailed.
When the null and alternative hypotheses are stated, it is observed that the null hypothesis is a neutral statement against which the alternative hypothesis is tested. The alternative hypothesis is a claim that instead has a certain direction. If the null hypothesis claims that p = 0.5, the alternative hypothesis would be an opposing statement to this and can be put either p > 0.5, p < 0.5, or p...
When the null and alternative hypotheses are stated, it is observed that the null hypothesis is a neutral statement against which the alternative hypothesis is tested. The alternative hypothesis is a claim that instead has a certain direction. If the null hypothesis claims that p = 0.5, the alternative hypothesis would be an opposing statement to this and can be put either p > 0.5, p < 0.5, or p...
27.9K
01:14Errors In Hypothesis Tests
6.0K
When performing a hypothesis test, there are four possible outcomes depending on the actual truth (or falseness) of the null hypothesis and the decision to reject or not.
6.0K