林布拉迪安与后选择的非赫米蒂安拓学
Alexandre Chaduteau1, Derek K K Lee1, Frank Schindler1
1Imperial College London, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
Physical review letters
|January 26, 2026
概括
本研究探讨了在没有后选择的情况下在开放量子系统中的非赫米特拓. 我们证明拓不变量和非赫米特皮肤效应持续存在,揭示了在后选择中看不见的过渡.
科学领域:
- 量子物理学 量子物理学 是一种量子物理学.
- 凝聚物质物理学 凝聚物质物理学
- 拓学物质是一个拓学物质.
背景情况:
- 非赫米特汉密尔顿式通常使用纯量子状态进行分析,这些量子状态随着时间的推移而衰变或增长.
- 有损失和收益的多体系统更好地用混合状态开放量子力学来描述.
- 测量结果的选择后需要将混合状态动力学映射到纯状态非赫米特动力学,但随着粒子数量的增加,计算成本变得昂贵.
研究的目的:
- 调查非赫密斯拓学的生存,特别是非赫密斯皮肤效应及其与散装绕数量的关系,在一个空间维度中没有后期选择.
- 定义和分析二级费米子系统的林布拉迪超运算子的绕数.
- 为了比较林布莱迪卷曲数与相关的后选择非赫米特汉密尔顿数的卷曲数.
主要方法:
- 在二进制费米子系统中,林布拉迪超运算符的绕数的定义.
- 林布拉迪卷积数和后期选择的非赫米蒂安汉密尔顿卷积数之间的系统比较.
- 在损失和收益的系统中分析相变的分析.
主要成果:
- 林布拉迪超级运算子和后选择的非赫米特汉密尔顿的绕数在没有增益 (损失) 的情况下被证明是相同的 (相反的).
- 提供了物理解释这些卷积数之间的关系.
- 在存在损失和收益时,林布拉迪卷积数仍然是定量化且非零的,通常表示相位过渡.
- 这种过渡,标志着林布拉迪皮肤效应局部化的逆转,被后期选择所掩盖.
- 确定了一个场景,在这个场景中,删除后选择会在拓学上微不足道的非赫密斯动态中诱导皮肤效应.
结论:
- 非赫米蒂安拓和非赫米蒂安皮肤效应可以通过开放的量子动力学在没有后期选择的情况下进行强有力的描述.
- 后选择可以隐藏非赫米特系统中关键的拓相位过渡和现象.
- 林布拉迪卷积数为在开放量子系统中对拓进行表征提供了有价值的工具,即使后选择是不可行的.
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