在异质医疗保健系统中保持隐私的协作糖尿病预测:算法开发和安全联合整体框架的验证
1Department of Computer Science, Faculty, North Dakota State University, 258 Quentin Burdick Bldg, Computer Science Department, NDSU, 1320 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND, 58105, United States, 1 701-231-9662.
JMIR diabetes
|January 26, 2026
概括
本研究介绍了FedEnTrust,这是一个保护隐私的联合学习框架,用于糖尿病预测. 它实现了高精度,同时确保了数据安全性和可扩展性在不同的医疗保健环境.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 分散式机器学习 (Machine Learning) 是一种分散式的机器学习.
- 健康数据安全与隐私
背景情况:
- 针对糖尿病预测的集中式机器学习模型面临数据隐私,监管合规性和医疗数据异质性的挑战.
- 现有的联合学习 (FL) 方法在分散的医疗环境中与数据异质性,安全漏洞和系统协调扎.
- 孤立模型训练限制了概括性和有效性,原因是非独立和相同分布的 (非IID) 数据和各种计算约束.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个安全,可扩展和保护隐私的框架,用于使用集成联合学习 (FL) 进行糖尿病预测.
- 为了解决数据异质性,非IID数据分布,以及不同医疗保健参与者的不同计算能力.
- 通过组合建模,区块链和知识蒸来增强数据隐私,安全性和对协作模型培训的信任.
主要方法:
- 拟议的FedEnTrust:一个联合集体学习框架,允许在不共享原始数据的情况下进行协作模型培训.
- 利用知识蒸与自适应加权投票,将软标签输出汇总成全球共识.
- 实施了区块链支持的智能合约,用于安全和透明的参与者注册,角色分配和访问控制.
主要成果:
- 在糖尿病预测方面获得了84.2%的准确性,超过现有的分散型模型,接近集中式深度学习基准.
- 区块链智能合约在授权交易和拒绝未经授权的尝试方面表现出100%的成功,确保了强大的安全性.
- 通过专门交换模型元数据,而不是原始患者数据,以低区块链延迟和可管理的天然气成本来保护患者的隐私.
结论:
- FedEnTrust提供了一个可部署的,保护隐私的解决方案,通过集成FL,合集方法和区块链来实现分散的医疗预测.
- 该框架有效地平衡了预测准确性,可扩展性和数据使用道德性,同时提高了安全性和信任.
- 证明了安全的联合集体系统的可行性,作为现实世界医疗保健中集中人工智能模型的实际替代方案.
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