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高速铁路座椅的多模体人体工程学评估,通过整合肌电图,皮肤导电反应和基于场景的分析
1Fuzhou University; lansh@fzu.edu.cn.
Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE
|January 26, 2026
概括
高速铁路 (HSR) 的座位舒适性因类而异. 商务和一流座位提供一些好处,但会导致上半身疲劳和不适,而经济座位由于调节能力低而导致显著的肌肉紧张.
科学领域:
- 人体工程学和人类因素
- 运输工程 运输工程
- 生理测量生理测量
背景情况:
- 传统的高速铁路 (HSR) 座位舒适度研究依赖于主观反和压力映射,缺乏在长时间旅行期间肌肉疲劳的生理数据.
- 在现实世界HSR条件下评估动态坐姿性能是具有挑战性的,因为在实验室环境中复制自然姿势变化的局限性.
研究的目的:
- 通过在真实旅行场景中使用多模式生理和行为测试,比较商务,一等级和经济的HSR座椅的人体工程性能.
- 研究不同座位类和功能活动 (娱乐,用餐,工作,休息) 的肌肉疲劳和压力反应.
主要方法:
- 采用多模体人体工程学测试,包括用于肌肉活动的电肌图 (EMG),用于应激的皮肤导电反应 (SCR) 和基于场景的行为测试.
- 招募了30名参与者,他们在一个真实的HSR环境中,在不同的座位类别中体验了四种功能性情况.
- 监测肩部,腰部和部肌肉活动,以及自主应激反应.
主要成果:
- 商务座椅减少了腰部压力,但并没有缓解上肢和部疲劳,特别是在倾斜时.
- 一等座位支持工作姿势,但缺乏适应各种身体类型的适应性,导致头部和腰部不适.
- 经济座位尽管提供腰部和部支,但由于调节能力有限,导致肌肉紧张度最高.
结论:
- 未来的HSR座椅设计应优先考虑可调性,并纳入行为和生理数据,以优化人体工程学性能.
- 了解座位设计,乘客活动和生理反应之间的动态相互作用对于提高高速铁路旅行的舒适性和幸福感至关重要.
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