亚北极海洋哺乳动物组织显示的有机化物污染量大幅下降
Jennifer M Sun1, Euna Kim1, Heidi M Pickard1
1Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.
概括
自2011年以来,飞行员鱼中遗留的和多基物质 (PFAS) 的度显著下降. 这种下降表明了逐步淘汰有害化学品的有效性,尽管新型PFAS可能会带来新的风险.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 和多基基物质 (PFAS) 是商业中广泛使用的持久化学品.
- 遗留的PFAS生产由于毒性,于2000年代初逐步淘汰.
- 已经出现了替代"新型"PFAS化学物质,其环境命运尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 量化海洋哺乳动物中PFAS的历史和当前水平.
- 评估遗留PFAS逐步淘汰对海洋污染的影响.
- 调查试点鱼中遗留和新兴PFAS的生物积累趋势.
主要方法:
- 在归档的试点肝和肌肉组织中分析大量可提取的有机 (EOF).
- 高分辨率质谱测量用于测量广泛的目标和可疑PFAS.
- 海洋运输和生物积累建模.
主要成果:
- 试组织中的EOF度在2011年达到峰值,到2023年将减少60%以上.
- 到2023年,四种主要遗留PFAS的度显著下降.
- 只有一个新的PFAS显示到2023年持续增加,而其他PFAS则保持稳定或下降.
结论:
- 遗留PFAS组织度的下降证实了生产逐步淘汰的成功.
- 海洋运输过程显著影响PFAS在食物网中的生物积累时间.
- 具有不同的物理化学性质的新兴PFAS可能会在陆地和近海环境中积累,这需要进一步调查.
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