从细胞凝结物到可编程合成系统的DNA驱动液态液态相分离
Sanjay Kosara1, Abhijit Biswas1, Amit K Yadav1
1Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Near Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382055, India.
ACS applied bio materials
|January 26, 2026
概括
在细胞和合成系统中,DNA积极推动液态-液态相分离 (LLPS). 这项研究探讨了DNA.
科学领域:
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 液-液相分离 (LLPS) 产生无膜凝聚物,调节细胞功能.
- 虽然蛋白质和RNA是主要的焦点,但DNA现在被认为是一个活跃的LLPS驱动器.
- DNA凝结物对于核过程至关重要,如染色体组织和基因调节.
研究的目的:
- 综合当前对DNA介导的LLPS在生物和合成环境中的理解.
- 为了突出强调DNA在相位分离中的作用的低估的方面.
- 将基础生物物理学与合成DNA系统的工程原理相结合.
主要方法:
- 对DNA介导LLPS的现有研究进行审查和综合.
- 强调五个关键的被低估的话题:DNA的驱动作用,可逆聚合,非Fickian运输,机械表征和多层次复杂性.
- 突出了先进的单分子技术,如光学子和扫描探针显微镜.
主要成果:
- 通过电荷和拓,DNA积极驱动LLPS,与被动角色不同.
- DNA聚合可能是可逆的,不同于不可逆的蛋白质错折.
- 非Fickian运输,包括弹道波扩散,发生在DNA凝聚物中.
- 单分子技术揭示了DNA凝聚物的依赖状态的材料特性.
- 细胞DNA凝聚涉及多层次的复杂性受拓学和层次结构的影响.
结论:
- 在自然和合成系统中,DNA是分相的基本驱动力.
- 了解DNA介导的LLPS为细胞过程提供了洞察力,并使新的生物材料成为可能.
- 这种综合观点为开发治疗和生物技术应用提供了一个框架.
相关概念视频
Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation
20.9K
The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules...
20.9K
Molecular Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids
54.6K
Particles in a solid are tightly packed together (fixed shape) and often arranged in a regular pattern; in a liquid, they are close together with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape); in a gas, they are far apart with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape). Particles in a solid vibrate about fixed positions (cannot flow) and do not generally move in relation to one another; in a liquid, they move past each other (can flow) but remain in essentially constant contact; in a gas, they move...
54.6K
Rise of Liquid in a Capillary Tube
3.2K
When very thin cylindrical tubes, called capillaries, are dipped in a liquid, the liquid rises or falls in the tube compared to the surrounding liquid. This phenomenon is called capillary action. Capillary action occurs due to the combination of two opposing forces: the cohesive forces of the liquid, which cause it to stick to itself and form a rounded shape, and the adhesive forces between the liquid and the walls of the container, which cause the liquid to be attracted to the container walls.
3.2K
Phase Transitions
23.1K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
23.1K
Deriving the Speed of Sound in a Liquid
955
As with waves on a string, the speed of sound or a mechanical wave in a fluid depends on the fluid's elastic modulus and inertia. The two relevant physical quantities are the bulk modulus and the density of the material. Indeed, it turns out that the relationship between speed and the bulk modulus and density in fluids is the same as that between the speed and the Young's modulus and density in solids.
The speed of sound in fluids can be derived by considering a mechanical wave...
The speed of sound in fluids can be derived by considering a mechanical wave...
955
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction
3.5K
High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), formerly referred to as High-pressure liquid chromatography, is a powerful technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in complex mixtures. The term "high pressure" refers to using high pressure to push the liquid mobile phase through the tightly packed columns.
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:
3.5K


