效应器-宿主互动组图将健康肠道微生物组中的III型分泌系统与免疫调节联系起来
Veronika Young1, Bushra Dohai1, Hridi Halder1
1Institute of Network Biology (INET), Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center (MTTC), Helmholtz Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
Nature microbiology
|January 26, 2026
概括
综合性肠道细菌,Pseudomonadota,拥有完好无损的III型分泌系统 (T3SS),可以将效应蛋白注入人体细胞中. 这些相互作用影响宿主信号,并与克罗恩氏病等疾病有关.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 系统生物学 系统生物学
背景情况:
- 伪虫在人类肠道微生物群中很常见.
- 致病性伪蒙虫使用III型分泌系统 (T3SS) 注射效应蛋白到宿主细胞中.
- 在开始性肠道细菌中T3SS的作用基本上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 调查T3SS在开始性Pseudomonadota的流行率和功能.
- 了解共生T3SS与宿主细胞相互作用的分子机制.
- 探索这些相互作用在人类健康和疾病中的潜在作用.
主要方法:
- 机器学习可以从Pseudomonadota基因组中预测候选效应体.
- 人类蛋白质和共因效应体之间的蛋白质-蛋白质元相互作用图的构建.
- 在体外实验中评估主体信号通路 (NF-κB,细胞因子分泌) 的效应因子转移和调制.
- 在炎症性肠病 (IBD) 患者队列中对效应因子丰度的元基因组分析.
主要成果:
- 在健康的肠道微生物组中,80%的共生类伪单体具有完整的T3SS.
- 预测的共生效应因子与病原体效应因子相比,具有不同的特征.
- 交叉效应者准了与自身免疫和代谢疾病相关的遗传变异丰富的宿主蛋白质社区.
- 同位体效应物转移到人体细胞中,调节NF-κB信号传递和细胞因子分泌.
- 在克罗恩病中,效应因子的丰度增加,但在性结肠炎中减少.
结论:
- T3SS在开始性肠道 Pseudomonadota中普遍存在,并有助于宿主微生物共存.
- 同位体效应因子-宿主蛋白相互作用代表了一种被低估的机制,即肠道微生物群影响宿主健康.
- 这些相互作用可能在微生物组相关疾病的发病过程中发挥作用.
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