通过公平意识的机器学习模型缓解前列腺癌生存预测差异
Hyungrok Do1, Rajesh Ranganath2,3, Katie Murray4,5
1Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Cancer medicine
|January 27, 2026
概括
公平意识的生存模型可以减少前列腺癌生存预测中的种族差异. 这些深度学习模型提高了不同人口群体的准确性,促进了公平的医疗保健.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 预测模型可以使医疗保健差异持续存在,原因是人口群体的表现不平等.
- 公平意识的方法是建立在二元结果的,但在生存分析中不太探索.
- 在预测前列腺癌治疗后的生存率方面存在种族差异.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较两个公平意识的深度学习生存模型,以预测激进前列腺切除术后的生存率.
- 在这些预测模型的性能中减轻种族差异.
- 评估公平意识方法在前列腺癌生存率分析中的有效性.
主要方法:
- 利用国家癌症数据库来训练对整体存活的深度考克斯比例危险模型.
- 我们比较了两个以公平意识为基础的模型:公平的深考克斯比例危险模型 (Fair DCPH) 和集团分布稳健优化深考克斯比例危险模型 (GroupDRO DCPH).
- 通过跨族群和跨族群一致性指数 (C指数) 评估模型的公平性.
主要成果:
- 基线深考克斯比例危险模型 (DCPH) 显示了种族群体之间的绩效差异 (例如,黑人和西班牙裔患者的C指数较低).
- 公平意识模型 (Fair DCPH,GroupDRO DCPH) 改善了黑人,西班牙裔和亚洲患者的跨组C指数.
- 在白色患者小组中,这些改进是在最小的性能损失下实现的.
结论:
- 两种公平意识的生存模型进行了基准测试,以解决前列腺切除术后生存预测中的种族差异.
- 这些方法表明,通过公平的预测模型,可以确保公平的护理.
- 这些方法可以扩展到其他时间到事件模型,以促进医疗预测的公平性.
相关概念视频
Cancer Survival Analysis
665
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
665
Self-Awareness and Its Effects
308
Self-awareness is a psychological state in which the individual becomes the focal point of their attention. This inward focus transforms the self into an object of contemplation and assessment, influencing how individuals perceive their actions and their alignment with personal and societal standards.Triggers and Contexts for Self-AwarenessSelf-awareness can be activated by external stimuli that make individuals visually or audibly aware of themselves, such as mirrors, cameras, or recordings.
308
Altered States of Awareness
1.1K
Altered states of consciousness represent significant deviations from one's normal mental state. These deviations can range from subtle changes in awareness to profound transformations in perception, thought processes, and sensory experiences. Altered states of consciousness can be triggered by various factors, including drug use, meditation, hypnosis, illness, or even intense fatigue.
The ingestion of substances like stimulants or hallucinogens leads to chemical alterations in the brain...
The ingestion of substances like stimulants or hallucinogens leads to chemical alterations in the brain...
1.1K
Subconsciousness and No Awareness
701
The concept of subconscious awareness refers to the processing of information below the level of conscious thought, which significantly influences both behaviors and decisions. It is also known as waking subconscious awareness. This complex level of cognition operates without the direct awareness of the individual, facilitating rapid and simultaneous handling of multiple information streams.
An illustrative example of subconscious processing is its role in problem-solving. Often, individuals...
An illustrative example of subconscious processing is its role in problem-solving. Often, individuals...
701
High-Level and Low-Level Awareness
680
Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
680
Simplified Synchronous Machine Model
769
The Synchronous Machine Model is a fundamental tool in analyzing and ensuring the transient stability of power systems. This model simplifies the representation of a synchronous machine under balanced three-phase positive-sequence conditions, assuming constant excitation and ignoring losses and saturation. The model is pivotal for understanding the behavior of synchronous generators connected to a power grid, particularly during transient events.
In this model, each generator is connected to a...
In this model, each generator is connected to a...
769


