燃烧的病原体:在One Health框架中对烟雾传播病原体生态的范围审查
Ashish Adhikari1,2,3, Nattapol Kraisitudomsook1,2,3,4, Krista L Bonfantine5
1Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
PeerJ
|January 27, 2026
概括
野火烟雾可以分散可行的病原体,造成健康风险. 目前的监测忽视了这些微生物威胁,需要一个健康的方法来更好地评估和监测风险.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 航空生物学 航空生物学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 野火释放出污染物和可活的微生物,包括病原体,具有远距离传播的潜力.
- 这些微生物排放对人类,动物和植物健康构成未知的风险.
研究的目的:
- 综合关于在野火烟雾中致病微生物分散的知识.
- 确定病原体生态学和流行病学方面的知识差距.
- 在"一个健康"框架内概述研究重点.
主要方法:
- 根据阿克西和奥马利的框架与PRISMA-ScR指导进行范围审查.
- 系统地搜索PubMed,谷歌学者和灰色文学.
- 包括36项关于微生物运输,生命力和火灾烟雾中的疾病的研究.
主要成果:
- 野生火灾的烟雾将多种微生物空气化,包括病原性真菌 (例如,Coccidioides,Puccinia) 和形成子的细菌.
- 有可能在烟雾中传播长距离的活力微生物,但缺乏有关感染结果的数据.
- 目前的烟雾监测主要针对非生物污染物,忽视了微生物风险.
结论:
- 一个健康的方法至关重要,整合了火灾生态学,空气生物学,微生物学和流行病学.
- 优先行动包括在烟雾监测中加强病原体活力采样和微生物监测.
- 需要开发预测模型来评估与微生物烟雾分散相关的健康和生态风险.
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