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手术应激反应:内分泌,免疫和代谢变化的生理综述

Kirtish Acharya¹, Deepak Kumar Rout², Nilaykumar A Kapadia³

¹Department of Physiology, Fakir Mohan Medical College and Hospital, Balasore, IND.

|January 27, 2026

概括

手术应激反应涉及复杂的免疫,代谢和荷尔蒙变化,影响恢复. 了解这种神经内分泌-免疫-代谢网络及其生物标志物可以指导干预措施以改善外科手术结果.

科学领域:

生理学生理学生理学
免疫学免疫学免疫学
内分泌学在内分泌学.
代谢过程中的代谢.

背景情况:

手术干预启动了一个复杂的生理级联,称为手术应激反应.
这种反应涉及协调的免疫,代谢和神经内分泌过程,影响患者的康复.
了解这种多因素反应的机制和临床影响对于优化术后护理至关重要.

研究的目的:

系统地审查关于手术应激反应的机制,调节相互作用和临床影响的证据.
综合2015年至2025年间发表的研究结果.
探索神经内分泌-免疫-代谢网络在手术结果中的作用.

主要方法:

2015年至2025年间发表的11项研究的系统审查.
对手术应激反应的潜在机制,调节相互作用和临床影响的分析.
机械学和临床观点的整合.

主要成果:

手术应激反应涉及荷尔蒙激增,免疫动态 (炎症随后抑制),以及代谢适应 (例如,胰岛素耐药性).
慢性压力可能导致失衡,延迟恢复,并增加对并发症的易感性.
皮质醇,IL-6,葡萄糖和白蛋白等生物标志物可以预测术后并发症.
术后干预措施 (例如,手术后增强恢复计划,免疫营养) 显示出调节反应的潜力.

结论:

手术应激反应是一个统一的神经内分泌-免疫-代谢网络,可以变得不适应.
生物标志物可以预测手术结果和指导干预措施.
基于精度的外科手术周围策略对于改善手术和康复结果至关重要.

关键词:

生物标志物生物标志物免疫代谢的免疫代谢.神经内分泌调节的神经内分泌调节.在外科手术期间的医学.手术应激反应的手术应激反应

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