在前3年神经发育轨迹的性别差异
Zixuan Zhang1,2, Lei Sheng2, Chenying Yue1
1Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
概括
男孩和女孩表现出不同的神经发育轨迹. 了解这些性别特异性模式对于针对性早期干预和对三岁以下儿童的评估至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 神经发育轨迹在性别之间可能有很大差异.
- 早期识别发育模式对于及时干预至关重要.
- 现有的研究往往忽略了神经发育途径中的性别特异性差异.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究三岁以下儿童的特定性别神经发育轨迹.
- 为了确定影响这些轨迹不同于男孩和女孩的孕产妇和出生因素.
- 为特定性别的神经发育评估和早期干预提供基础.
主要方法:
- 对3岁以下儿童进行回顾性队列研究.
- 使用2016年修订的儿童神经发育行为量表 (CNBS-R2016) 进行神经发育评估.
- 基于组的轨迹建模 (GBTM) 来识别不同的发展路径.
主要成果:
- 女孩表现出"持续高 - 快速上升"",持续高 - 缓慢上升"",持续低 - 跌"的轨迹;男孩表现出"持续高 - 缓慢上升"和"持续低 - 稳定"的轨迹.
- 与男孩 (52.6%) 相比,女孩 (92.7%) 的发育轨迹更高.
- 男孩在低发育轨迹中的比例不成比例 (47.4%对7.3%的女孩). 适应性领域推动了女孩的发展轨迹,而语言领域推动了男孩的发展轨迹.
结论:
- 在神经发育轨迹及其决定因素中存在显著的性别差异.
- 怀孕,不母乳养和早产 (在女孩中) 与低发育轨迹的风险增加有关.
- 这些发现支持对性别特异性神经发育查和儿童有针对性的早期干预的需要.
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