通过多式联络数据预测数字酒精干预效果的个体差异
Magdalena Fuchs1, Zachary M Boyd2, Alice Schwarze3
1Centre for Digital Health Interventions, Department of Management, Technology and Economics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
NPJ digital medicine
|January 27, 2026
概括
预测谁将从数字酒精干预中受益是具有挑战性的. 一种使用心理,社会和神经数据的新型多式联络方法准确地识别了可能对年轻成年人智能手机干预做出反应的个人.
科学领域:
- 数字健康干预措施 数字健康干预措施
- 行为科学是一种行为科学.
- 机器学习在医疗保健中的应用
背景情况:
- 数字干预措施在改变行为方面显示出可变的有效性,例如减少酒精消费.
- 准确预测个人干预响应者与非响应者的情况是困难的,以前的方法仅略高于机会.
- 现有的干预有效性的预测模型的准确性有限 (AUC ≈0.60).
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一种新的多式联络方法,用于预测智能手机提供的酒精干预措施的有效性.
- 整合心理,社交网络和神经数据,以便预先预测干预结果.
- 在年轻成年人数字酒精干预中确定早期检测不响应者的关键指标.
主要方法:
- 利用随机森林模型整合多式联运数据:心理评估,社交网络数据和神经对酒精暗示的反应.
- 在两项研究中 (N=67和N=114),将这种方法应用于针对年轻成年人的心理距离的智能手机交付干预措施.
- 使用平衡精度和曲线下的面积 (AUC) 评估模型性能,与临床效用值进行比较.
主要成果:
- 多模式方法在研究1中实现了高预测精度 (平衡精度=0.71,AUC=0.87) 并在研究2中复制 (平衡精度=0.68,AUC=0.68).
- 模型的性能达到临床效用值,正确分类响应者和不响应者67%的时间.
- 对那些认为同龄人是适度但频繁饮酒的人来说,干预的有效性最高,这表明同龄人的感知是潜在的指标.
结论:
- 一种新的多式联运数据集成方法显著改善了对数字酒精干预措施个人有效性的预测.
- 同龄人饮酒的看法成为识别年轻成年人预防性酒精干预中不响应者的低负担指标.
- 开发的方法为在现实环境中适应性定制数字行为改变干预提供了一个有希望的基础.
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